Sharhu Sunnah : Lesson 25 : Point 28
Shaykh Fawzan | Dawud Burbank [Audio|English]
Al-khilaafah (the Caliphate) remains within the Quraysh until `Eesaa ibn Maryam `alayhis-salaatu was-salaam (may Allaah extol him and grant him peace and security) descends.
Transcribed Audio:
If more than person contends about who is going to take over the rulership and each one of them is fitting for rulership then precedence is given to the Qurashiyy (the person who is from the tribe of Quraysh) because of his special quality over others; because of his sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam saying,
“The rulers are from the Quraysh.” [04]
And his saying,
“Give precedence to the Quraysh and do not give precedence to yourselves over them.” [05]
So if the man of Quraysh is righteous and contention occurs with regard to who will take charge, then the man of Quraysh is given precedence because of the fact that the Messenger sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam gave that instruction and because the Companions when Allaah’s Messenger sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam passed away and when the Ansaar (the Muslims of Madeenah) said, “There should be a leader from us and a leader from you.”
Then Aboo Bakr radiyAllaahu `anhu responded “The Arabs (in general) they will not submit regarding this affair except to this group of Quraysh.” [06] So therefore they gave the bay`ah (pledge of allegiance) to Aboo Bakr as-Siddeeq radiyAllaahu `anhu and then after him to `Umar and after him to `Uthmaan and after him to `Aliyy and after him to Mu`aawiyah and after him to Banoo Umayyah and after them to Banoo `Abbaas and all of them were from Quraysh. However, if the matter is completed and concluded, then obedience becomes binding even if he is not a man of Quraysh. Or if the man of Quraysh is not suitable for rulership, for the mere fact that he is from Quraysh does not automatically give him the right to rulership unless along with being from the Quraysh, he is a righteous man and there is not already an established ruler.
His saying, “…until `Eesaa ibn Maryam ‘alayhis-salaatu was-salaam descends.” This is an indication of the fact that `Eesaa `alayhis-salaam when he descends, he will descend and the ruler of the Muslims will be Muhammad ibn `Abdillaah al-Mahdee, who will be from the family of al-Hasan ibn `Aliyy ibn Abee Taalib. So this shows that the last of the rulers will indeed be from Quraysh and the first of them was from Quraysh, and he was Aboo Bakr radiyAllaahu `anhu and this is what is implemented as far as possible as we have mentioned. And if no-one is found from Quraysh, this does not mean that leadership passes away. Or if someone who is not from the Quraysh establishes the affair and he becomes the leader, and the person is suitable, it doesn’t mean that we remove him and we say you are not suitable for it. So it is obligatory to have awareness of these matters. [07]
Footnotes:
[04] This hadeeth is reported by at-Tayaalisiyy in his Musnad and Imaam Ahmad in his Musnad and anNasaa·ee in as-Sunanul-Kubraa and by Ibn Abee `Aasim in (his book) as-Sunnah and Aboo Ya`laa in his Musnad and al-Bayhaqiyy in as-Sunanul-Kubraa. It was declared authentic by ad-Diyaa· in his book alMukhtaarah (which included just those hadeeth that according to him were authentic).
Translator’s side point: Shaykh al-Albaaniyy mentioned this hadeeth is a hadeeth of Anas ibn Maalik radiyAllaahu `anhu and the narration of Ibn Abee `Aasim mentions from Anas ibn Maalik, he said,
“Allaah’s Messenger sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam came to us whilst we were in the house of a man from the Ansaar so he took hold of the two doorposts and he said, “The rulers are from Quraysh.”
Shaykh al-Albaaniyy said with regard to this narration, “It is a hadeeth that is saheeh (authentic). “
[05] This is also reported by Ibn Abee `Aasim in his book as-Sunnah and at-Tabaraaniyy in al-Mu`jamulKabeer as occurs in the book Majma` uz-Zawaa·id.
Translator’s side point: Majma` uz-Zawaa·id: a book that includes the extra narrations outside the six books, extra narrations of the books of at-Tabaraaniyy, Aboo Ya`laa and Musnad of Imaam Ahmad and other books, hadeeth that are additional to the hadeeth in these six books; al-Haythamee’s Majma` uzZawaa·id. So this hadeeth is included there.
And this hadeeth is a hadeeth of `Abdullaah ibn as-Saa·ib radiyAllaahu`anhumaa and declared saheeh (authentic) by Shaykh al-Albaaniyy in Saheehul-Jaami`.
[06] Translator’s side point: This occurs in the Saheeh of al-Bukhaariyy as part of a long hadeeth of Ibn `Abbaas radiyAllaahu `anhumaa, (no. 6830) with the wording, “They won’t accept and recognise this affair except for these people of Quraysh.”
[07] Translator’s side point: Shaykh Ahmad an-Najmiyy rahimahullaah said on this point, “Al-khilaafah is within the Quraysh until `Eesaa ibn Maryam `alayhis-salaam descends. And there occurs in that regard the hadeeth reported by Ahmad, “The khilaafah is to be in the Quraysh.”
“However, this is to be taken to refer to khilaafah where there is a choice. But as for where there is a man who fights the people with those who are along with him and he gains authority and the people submit to him after he has overcome them, then it is obligatory to obey him whether he is from Quraysh or whether he is other than from the Quraysh, whether he is righteous or whether he is sinful.”
“This is the `aqeedah (creed and belief) of the Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaa`ah who hold the obligation of that, and that it is not permissible for anyone to rebel against him after the affair is settled for him and it is settled and secured for him, even if he is sinful or wicked (then it is still obligatory to obey him).”
“And the proofs for that have already preceded. From them is the hadeeth of Aboo Sa`eed al-Khudriyy and from them the hadeeth of `Urfuja (with the wording),
“Whoever comes to you when your affair is united intending to split your unity and to separate your united body then kill him whoever it may be.”
“So it is obligatory to hold this as creed and belief and to act upon it and Allaah is the one who grants success.”
Transcribed by Saima Zaher. Download PDF of Lesson 25
Ithaaful-Qaaree bit-Ta`leeqaat `alaa Sharhis-Sunnah
(A Gift To The Reader In Annotation Of Sharh As-Sunnah)
by Shaykh Saalih ibn Fowzaan al-Fowzaan hafizahullaah
Translated by Aboo Talhah Daawood Burbank, rahimahullaah
Posted with kind permission from Dawud Burbank rahimahullaah
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