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Based on Shaykh ibn Uthaymeen’s Book .
1. Additions Of the Same Kind As Found In Salaah
| Causes of Sujuud as Sahw |
If One Remembers | What To Do | Do Sujuud |
| 1. a- Additions in actionsexamples: – extra rakaa – extra sujuud |
– during the addition | – stop doing this addition – continue and finish salaah – must do sujuud as sahw |
after tasleem |
| – soon after tasleem | – must do sujuud as sahw | after tasleem | |
| – after long time – example 30 minutes |
– salaah is invalid | . | |
| another example of addition in action:– tasleem before end of salaah |
– during the addition | – stop doing this addition – continue and finish salaah – must do sujuud as sahw |
after tasleem |
| – soon after this tasleem | – go back to sitting position – stand up to do missing rakaa – do tashahhud and tasleem – must do sujuud as sahw |
after tasleem | |
| – after long time – example 30 minutes |
– salaah is invalid | . | |
| 1. b – additions in sayings example: “subhaana Rabbiyal ‘adheem” said in sujuud |
– soon after tasleem | – sunnah to do sujuud as sahw | after tasleem |
| – after long time – example 30 minutes |
– nothing upon him | . |
2. Omissions in Salaah rukn {pillar} – wajib {obligation} – sunnah
3. Doubt – Ash Shakk :wavering between two matters such that none has distinction over the other
| Causes of Sujuud as Sahw |
If One Remembers | What To Do | Do Sujuud |
| 2. a – omissions of rukn – {pillar}some examples: – omission of al Fatiha – omission of rukuu – omission of standing fully erect after doing rukuu |
– before reaching the place of the missing rukn in the next rakat | – return and do this missing rukn – build on this to complete salaah – must do sujuud as sahw |
after tasleem |
| – after reaching the place of the missing rukn in the next rakat | rakaa with missed rukn is cancelled and present rakaa replaces it – build on this to complete salaah – must do sujuud as sahw |
after tasleem | |
| – after tasleem and omission is in last rakaa |
– return and do this missing rukn – complete the rakaa – make tashahud and tasleem – must do sujuud as sahw |
after tasleem | |
| – after tasleem and omission is not in last rakaa |
– do a complete rakaa and tasleem – must do sujuud as sahw |
after tasleem | |
| – after a long time – example 30 minutes |
– salaah is invalid | . | |
| 2. b – omissions of wajib – {obligation}example: omitting the first tashahhud |
– when having determination to move but did not move yet | – return to do missing obligation {in this example it is tashahhud} – continue and finish salaah |
no |
| – when starting to move but did not finish to stand fully yet | – return to do missing obligation {in this example it is tashahhud} – continue and finish salaah – do sujuud as sahw |
after tasleem | |
| – after finishing to stand up correctly | – return is forbidden – continue and finish salaah – do sujuud as sahw |
before tasleem | |
| 2. c- omissions in sunnah saying or action |
– before the tasleem | – recommended only if this omitted sunnah is a usual habit of this person | before tasleem |
| . rukn and wajib – pillar and obligationCommonality -> deliberate omission of either one INVALIDATES salaahDifference -> omitted rukn MUST be made up — omitted wajib is compensated by sujuud as sahw . |
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| Causes of Sujuud as Sahw | If One Remembers | What To Do | Do Sujuud |
| 3. Doubt – ash shakk a – without preponderance Example: he doubts if he is in 3rd or in 4th rakaa of a 4 rakaat salaah |
– during salaah. | build up on certainty, i.e. the least, and in this example it is the 3rd rakaa – do the 4th rakaa and do tashahud – do sujuud as sahw |
before tasleem |
| b – with preponderance – {Dhan} Example: doubt if he is in 3rd or 4th rakaa or a 4 rakaat salaah |
– during salaah and – there is preponderation this is the 3rd rakaa |
build up on the preponderation this is the 3rd rakaa – do the 4th rakaa and do tashahud – do sujuud as sahw |
after tasleem |
| – during salaah and – there is preponderation this is the 4th rakaa |
build up on the preponderation this is the 4th rakaa – finish salaah – do sujuud as sahw |
after tasleem | |
| . Doubt is not to be considered in three situations ->1. when the doubts are frequent and due to whispering {waswas} 2. when it is a thought that came on the mind, delusion {wahm} 3. when the doubt arises AFTER the execution of the worship, unless there is certainty {yaqeen}in principle the salah is complete because it was performed by a sane, fitting, legally responsible person and it is so unless the person is certain it was not complete and in this case he returns to what is certain |
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4. Different Situations
a. Droping of Sujuud As Sahw – b. Repetition of Forgetfulness
and other cases where there is no sujuud as sahw
| Situations | Cases | What To Do | Do Sujuud |
| a. Droping of sujuud as sahw | 1. if he remembers long time after tasleem – example: 30 minutes |
. | . |
| 2. if he nullifies his wudhu after salaah | . | . | |
| 3. if he begins doing another salaah – two situations depending on the length of time between the two salaat |
time is long -> – obligation drops | no | |
| time is short -> – he may return to the first salaah – he does sujuud as sahw – then he continues the 2nd salaah – he does sujuud as sahw |
either before or after tasleem in the 1st salaah . after tasleem in the 2nd salaah |
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| 4. if he leaves the mosque | a – obligation drops | no | |
| b – obligation remains – Imaam Ahmad (1) – Shaykh Ibn Taymiyah (2) |
see footnotes | ||
| b. repetition of forgetfulness in the same salaah | – in the same salaah, there are many mistakes requiring sujuud as sahw | – preponderating opinion -> one instance of sujuud as sahw |
either before or after tasleem |
| – a mistake requiring sujuud as sahw before tasleem and – also a mistake requiring sujuud as sahw after tasleem |
– first opinion -> one instance of sujuud as sahw |
before tasleem (3) | |
| – a strong opinion -> two instances of sujuud as sahw |
before and also after tasleem |
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| . Sujuud as sahw is NOT applicable in the following situations -> – funeral prayer, janazah – sujuud of thankfulness – sujuud of recitation – compensation for sujuud as sahw . |
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5. Ma-muum {follower} – Masbuuq {one joining late} – Imaam
and other situations
| Situations | What To Do | Do Sujuud |
| 1. a – the ma-muum he begins salaah with imaam and imaam makes a mistake |
– he follows the imaam | follows imaam |
| 1. b- the ma-muum he begins salaah with imaam and he makes a mistake |
– imaam bears this for him | — |
| 2. a- the masbuuq he joins imaam late in salaah and he makes a mistake |
if his own mistake is AFTER he departed from imaam – he completes his salaah – he does sujuud as sahw |
either after or before his own tasleem |
| 2. b – the masbuuq he joins imaam late in salaah and imaam does sujuud as sahw before tasleem |
– he follows imaam in sujuud as sahw – then he completes his salaah |
follows imaam |
| if he did not stand up fully before imaam makes sujuud as sahw – he must return and do sujuud as sahw with the imaam – them he completes his salaah |
follows imaam | |
| if he is standing up fully before imaam makes sujuud as sahw – he completes his salaah and he does sujuud as sahw |
after his own tasleem | |
| 2. c – the masbuuqhe joins imaam late in salaah and imaam does sujuud as sahw after tasleem |
if he did NOT meet the imaam in his mistake – he completes his salaah |
— |
| if he MET the imaam in his mistake – he completes his salaah and he does sujuud as sahw |
after his own tasleem | |
| if he does not know if he met or not the imaam in his mistake – he completes his salaah |
sujuud as sahw is not binding |
|
| 2. d – the masbuuq he joins imaam late in salaah and imaam makes a mistake |
example: imaam forgot a rakaa and he is alerted and returns – he joins the imaam and prays with him – he completes his own salaah after the imaam finishes his salaah |
— |
| 2. e – the masbuuqhe forgot he joined late and he makes tasleem with imaam | if he remembers – he completes his salaah and he does sujuud as sahw |
after his own tasleem |
| he does not return to complete his salaah – his salaah is invalid |
. | |
| 3. a – the imaam he makes a mistake in the sunnah of the salaah and he is alerted |
example: imaam recite al Fatiha loud in a silent salaah – sujuud as sahw is not obligation – it is ok even if it is done before tasleem |
after tasleem is preferable |
| 3. b – the imaam he makes an extra rakaa and he is alerted |
if he returns, his salaah is valid | after tasleem |
| if he does not return – his salaah is invalid |
. | |
| 3. c – the imaamhe forgets the first tashahud and is alerted when standing fully erect |
it is forbidden for him to return – he completes his salaah and he does sujuud as sahw |
before tasleem |
| if he returns and he does not know it is forbidden – he had now made an addition in standing – he makes sujuud as sahw |
after tasleem | |
| if he returns after standing fully erect and he knows it is forbidden – his salaah is invalid |
. | |
| 4. a person enters witr with intention of doing 2 + 1 rakaat | if he forgets to say tasleem after two rakaat – witr can be prayed in three rakaat and there is nothing upon him |
no |
| 5. a person makes mistake in recitation | – it does not change the format of salaah, there is nothing upon him | no |
1. one narration by Imaam Ahmad saying he does the sujuud as sahw whether the separation was long or short
2. one opinion by Shaykh Ibn Taymiyah saying the sujuud as sahw continues even after a long separation
3. The sujuud as sahw is preferably before tasleem because it is more part of salaah
