https://youtu.be/9zApkkjQ4zo [4:49 min][Arabic|English subtitles]
Don’t Belittle Any Good Deed – Shaykh Abdurrazzaq al Badr حفظه الله [Video | Ar-En Subtitles]
https://youtu.be/9zApkkjQ4zo [4:49 min][Arabic|English subtitles]
Islamic Knowledge – Islam, Sunnah, Salafiyyah
By Muhammad Shūmān
Translated by Aboo Talhah Daawood ibn Ronald Burbank (rahimahullaah)
All praise and thanks are due to Allaah, Lord of the worlds. May His peace and prayers be upon Muhammad and upon those who follow his Sunnah.
More than likely this book shall attract much attention. Perhaps it shall be a gift from a husband to his wife or perhaps those of us awaiting marriage will eagerly study these few pages to better understand what is expected of us and how we can strive towards it. Nevertheless there will be some who shall huff and utter annoyances under their breath claiming that yet again this is targeted at women (not men), censuring and restricting them. Unfortunately such people will rarely study the text but on flicking through these pages shall come to the conclusion that this has been written by a fanatical male Muslim to tyrannise and discredit the role of women.
Read More “The Righteous Wife (Sifāt Zawjatus Sālihah) – Muhammad Shūmān | Dāwūd Burbānk”
[The following article has been extracted from Al-Ibaanah e-Book :
Your Flesh and Blood : The Rights of Children – Shaikh Muhammad Baazmool ]
Know that children are a source of trials (fitnah).
Allaah says:
وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَأَوْلَادُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ عِندَهُ أَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ
“And know that your possessions and your children are but a trial and that surely, with Allaah is a mighty reward.” [Surah Al-Anfaal 8: 28]
It is stated in Adwaa-ul-Bayaan:
“Allaah ordered the people in this noble ayah to be aware that their properties and children are a trial for them by which they will be tested. Will your wealth and your children be a cause for you to fall into that which Allaah is displeased with?! Elsewhere (in the Qur’aan), He adds to this saying that wives are also a trial just like wealth and children, thus ordering the individual to beware of them putting him into that which Allaah is not pleased with.
Part 01: Listen / Download Mp3 Here (Time 56:09)
Part 02: Listen / Download Mp3 Here (Time 55:34)
Part 03: Listen / Download Mp3 Here (Time 01:03:47)
Posted from: http://followthesalaf.com/home?tag=Family+Matters
“Educating our Children” is taken from one of the works of our noble Sheikh Abdur-Razzaq al-Badr hafidhahullaah.
Family Matters – Educating Our Children – 01 – 20130420
Family Matters – Educating Our Children – 02 – 20130427
Family Matters – Educating Our Children – 03 – 20130504
Family Matters – Educating Our Children – 04 – 20130511
Family Matters – Educating Our Children – 05 – 20130518
Posted from: http://followthesalaf.com/home?tag=Family+Matters
Visit “Children” index Page : http://abdurrahman.org/children
[45] Question: If a girl has reached the proper age for getting married, can her guardian force her to get married?
Answer: It is not permissible for the guardian of a girl’s affairs to force her into getting married. So if the girl has not reached the proper age and has been forced into marriage, she can look for a way to dissolve this marriage after having reached the age of comprehension and maturity.
This is because there was a girl that was forced into marriage during the time of the Messenger of Allaah, sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam. After the marriage, she went to the Messenger, sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, and said to him: “O Messenger of Allaah! My father has married me to a man that I dislike, in order to raise his own status.” So the Messenger, sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, nullified her marriage.
[48] Question: What is the ruling concerning putting limitations to the amount of offspring one has?
Answer: The person that limits his offspring without having a legitimate reason for doing so, I hold him to be foolish if not a disbeliever in the Qadaa and the Qadar (Divine Execution and Preordainment) of Allaah. This is since the individual that limits his progeny to only three children, for example, and he has reached the age of fifty (!), the thought of death does not even cross his mind, or that some violent storm should come and take the lives of his three children, thus leaving him till the end of his life as if he were barren and without offspring. Therefore, those that put limits to the amount of children they have, they do not reflect upon the things that every Muslim reflects on. And it is Al-Qadar (Preordainment), which befalls the people in the way that He wants, not in the way that they want. So this practice that is done in current times, is a severe negligence and a clear deprivation.
Read More “Birth Control & Family Limitation (of offspring) – Shaykh al-Albaani”
Part 01: Listen / Download Mp3 Here (Time 46:32)
These are on going series of lectures, further parts will be uploaded as and when available.
Posted with Permission from https://twitter.com/Masjid_IbnAbbas
Q: Is it permissible for a boy to sleep with his mother and his sister if he has reached the age of puberty?
A: It is not permissible for boys who have reached the age of puberty or ten years of age to sleep with their mothers or their sisters in the same bed, out of protection of honors, to keep away from Fitnah (temptation) and block the means leading to sin. The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked us to separate the beds of boys and girls when they reach the age of ten in his saying:
Command your children to offer Salah (Prayer) when they become seven years old; beat them for (neglecting) it when they become ten years old; and arrange their beds (to sleep) separately.
[1] Abu Dawud, Sunan, Book on Salah, no. 495; and Ahmad, Musnad, vol. 2, p. 187.
Read More “A mature child sleeping on the same bed with his mother and sister – Permanent Committee”
By The Muhaddith, Shaykh, Allamaa’ Muhammad Nasiruddeen al-Albaani
Translated by Abbas Abu Yahya
The Shaykh was asked:
‘A woman went to the hospital and the doctors aborted her four month old fetus, with the argument that the woman had German Measles or measles and if we did not abort it, it would have come out deformed or mentally disabled; what is your opinion?
The Shaykh Answered:
‘I am asked a lot regarding the likes of this situation, and we hold the opinion that you should not respond to these doctors, since their silent expression says: <<we do not think it but as a conjecture, and we have no firm convincing belief (therein).’>> [Al-Jathiyah: 32]
We have been informed from more than one source that some women had been informed by some doctors the like of this information [of aborting fetuses], but they did not consent to aborting and to miscarrying, and the new-born was delivered naturally, so this confirms that it is nothing but as conjecture.
Read More “How Allaah Ta’ala Regards Disability ? – Shaykh al-Albaani”
Riyāḍ uṣ-Ṣāliḥīn · Chapter 280 of 372
The Book of the Prohibited Actions – Chapter 280 : Ahadith 1591 – 1597
Imam Abu Zakariyya Yahya ibn Sharaf an-Nawawi (d. 676 AH)
🎧 Listen to all hadiths in Arabic Ch 280 H 1591 – 1597
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Allah, the Exalted says:
إِنَّمَا ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ إِخۡوَةٞ
“The believers are nothing else than brothers (in Islamic religion). So make reconciliation between your brothers.”
[Al-Ḥujurāt 49:10]
وَتَعَاوَنُواْ عَلَى ٱلۡبِرِّ وَٱلتَّقۡوَىٰ
“But do not help one another in sin and transgression.”
[Al-Mā’idah 5:2]
1591 Anas bin Malik (radiyallahu anhu) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Do not desert (stop talking to) one another, do not nurse hatred towards one another, do not be jealous of one another, and become as fellow brothers and slaves of Allah. It is not lawful for a Muslim to stop talking to his brother (Muslim) for more than three days.”[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
1592 Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari (radiyallahu anhu) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “It is not lawful for a Muslim to desert (stop talking to) his brother beyond three nights, the one turning one way and the other turning to the other way when they meet, the better of the two is one who is the first to greet the other.”[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
1593 Abu Hurairah (radiyallahu anhu) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “People’s deeds are presented before Allah on Mondays and Thursdays, and then every slave (of Allah) is granted forgiveness (of minor sins) if he does not associate anything with Allah in worship. But the person in whose heart there is rancour against his brother, will not be pardoned. With regard to them, it is said twice: `Hold these two until they are reconciled‘.”[Muslim].
1594 Jabir (radiyallahu anhu) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying, “The Satan has despaired of being worshipped by those who engage in prayer in the Arabian Peninsula but (has not lost hope) in creating dissension among them.”[Muslim].
1595 Abu Hurairah (radiyallahu anhu) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “It is not lawful for a Muslim to forsake his (Muslim) brother beyond three days; and whosoever does so for more than three days, and then dies, will certainly enter the Hell.”[Abu Dawud].
1596 Abu Khirash Hadrad bin Abu Hadrad Al-Aslami (radiyallahu anhu) said: I heard the Prophet ﷺ saying, “Whosoever forsakes his brother for a year is like one who sheds his blood.”[Abu Dawud].
1597 Abu Hurairah (radiyallahu anhu) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “It is not permissible for a believer to forsake his (Muslim) brother for more than three days. If three days have passed, he should meet him and greet him; and if other responds to it they will both share the reward; but if he does not respond, he will bear his sin and the one who (has taken the initiative to) greet (the other) will be absolved of the sin of forsaking (one’s brother in Faith).”[Abu Dawud].
Riyāḍ uṣ-Ṣāliḥīn · Chapter 135 of 372
The Book of Greetings – Chapter 135 : Ahadith 861
Imam Abu Zakariyya Yahya ibn Sharaf an-Nawawi (d. 676 AH)
Go to hadith
🎧 Listen to all hadiths in Arabic Ch 135 H 861
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Allah, the Exalted says:
فَإِذَا دَخَلۡتُم بُيُوتٗا فَسَلِّمُواْ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِكُمۡ تَحِيَّةٗ مِّنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ مُبَٰرَكَةٗ طَيِّبَةٗ
“But when you enter the houses, greet one another with a greeting from Allah (i.e., say: As-Salamu `Alaikum – may you be safe from evil), blessed and good.”
[An-Nūr 24:61]
861 Anas bin Malik (radiyallahu anhu) reported: Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me, “Dear son, when you enter your house, say As-Salamu `Alaikum to your family, for it will be a blessing both to you and to your family.”[At-Tirmidhi].
Riyāḍ uṣ-Ṣāliḥīn · Chapter 94 of 372
The Book of Good Manners – Chapter 94 : Ahadith 706 – 707
Imam Abu Zakariyya Yahya ibn Sharaf an-Nawawi (d. 676 AH)
🎧 Listen to all hadiths in Arabic Ch 94 H 706 – 707
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Allah, the Exalted says:
هَلۡ أَتَىٰكَ حَدِيثُ ضَيۡفِ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ ٱلۡمُكۡرَمِينَ ﴿٢٤﴾ إِذۡ دَخَلُواْ عَلَيۡهِ فَقَالُواْ سَلَٰمٗاۖ قَالَ سَلَٰمٞ قَوۡمٞ مُّنكَرُونَ ﴿٢٥﴾ فَرَاغَ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِۦ فَجَآءَ بِعِجۡلٖ سَمِينٖ ﴿٢٦﴾ فَقَرَّبَهُۥٓ إِلَيۡهِمۡ قَالَ أَلَا تَأۡكُلُونَ ﴿٢٧﴾
“Has the story reached you, of the honoured guests [three angels; Jibril (Gabriel) along with another two] of Ibrahim (Abraham)? When they came in to him and said: `Salam (peace be upon you),’ He answered: `Salam (peace be upon you),’ and said: `You are a people unknown to me.’ Then he turned to his household, and brought out a roasted calf [as the property of Ibrahim (Abraham) was mainly cows]. And placed it before them, (saying): `Will you not eat?”’
[Adh-Dhāriyāt 51:24–27]
وَجَآءَهُۥ قَوۡمُهُۥ يُهۡرَعُونَ إِلَيۡهِ وَمِن قَبۡلُ كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِۚ قَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ بَنَاتِي هُنَّ أَطۡهَرُ لَكُمۡۖ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَلَا تُخۡزُونِ فِي ضَيۡفِيٓۖ أَلَيۡسَ مِنكُمۡ رَجُلٞ رَّشِيدٞ
“And his (Lut’s) people came rushing towards him, and since aforetime they used to commit crimes (sodomy), he said: `O my people! Here are my daughters (i.e., the women of the nation), they are purer for you (if you marry them lawfully). So fear Allah and degrace me not with regard to my guests! Is there not among you a single right-minded man? ”’
[Hūd 11:78]
706 Abu Hurairah (radiyallahu anhu) reported: The Prophet ﷺ said, “He who believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him show hospitality to his guest; and he who believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him maintain good relation with kins; and he who believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him speak good or remain silent.”[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
707 Abu Shuraih Khuwailid bin `Amr Al-Khuza`i (radiyallahu anhu) reported: I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, “He who believes in Allah and the Last Day, should accommodate his guest according to his right.” He was asked: “What is his right, O Messenger of Allah?” He ﷺ replied: “It is (to accommodate him) for a day and a night, and hospitality extends for three days, and what is beyond that is charity.”[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
In Muslim it is added: Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “It is not permissible for a Muslim to stay so long with his brother till he makes him sinful.” He was asked: “O Messenger of Allah, how can he make him sinful?” He replied, “He prolongs his stay with him till nothing is left with the host to entertain him (guest).”
Riyāḍ uṣ-Ṣāliḥīn · Chapter 36 of 372
The Book of Miscellany – Chapter 36 : Ahadith 289 – 296
Imam Abu Zakariyya Yahya ibn Sharaf an-Nawawi (d. 676 AH)
🎧 Listen to all hadiths in Arabic Ch 36 H 289 – 296
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Allah, the Exalted says:
وَعَلَى ٱلۡمَوۡلُودِ لَهُۥ رِزۡقُهُنَّ وَكِسۡوَتُهُنَّ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ
“The father of the child shall bear the cost of the mother’s food and clothing on a reasonable basis”.
[Al-Baqarah 2:233]
لِيُنفِقۡ ذُو سَعَةٖ مِّن سَعَتِهِۦۖ وَمَن قُدِرَ عَلَيۡهِ رِزۡقُهُۥ فَلۡيُنفِقۡ مِمَّآ ءَاتَىٰهُ ٱللَّهُۚ لَا يُكَلِّفُ ٱللَّهُ نَفۡسًا إِلَّا مَآ ءَاتَىٰهَا
“Let the rich man spend according to his means, and the man whose resources are restricted, let him spend according to what Allah has given him. Allah puts no burden on any person beyond what He has given him”.
Read More “Sustentation of the Members of the Family | Riyad-us-Saliheen”
Riyāḍ uṣ-Ṣāliḥīn · Chapter 38 of 372
The Book of Miscellany – Chapter 38 : Ahadith 298 – 302
Imam Abu Zakariyya Yahya ibn Sharaf an-Nawawi (d. 676 AH)
🎧 Listen to all hadiths in Arabic Ch 38 H 298 – 302
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Allah, the Exalted says:
وَأۡمُرۡ أَهۡلَكَ بِٱلصَّلَوٰةِ وَٱصۡطَبِرۡ عَلَيۡهَا
“And enjoin Salat (the prayer) on your family, and be patient in offering them (i.e., the Salat).”
[Ṭā Hā 20:132]
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ قُوٓاْ أَنفُسَكُمۡ وَأَهۡلِيكُمۡ نَارٗا
“O you who believe! Ward off yourselves and your families against a Fire (Hell), whose fuel is men and stones.”
[At-Taḥrīm 66:6]
298 Abu Hurairah (radiyallahu anhu) reported: Al-Hasan bin `Ali (radiyallahu anhuma) took one of the dates of the Sadaqah (charity) and put it in his mouth, whereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Leave it, leave it, throw it away. Do you not know that we do not eat the Sadaqah (charity)?”[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
299`Umar bin Abu Salamah (radiyallahu anhu) reported: I was a boy under the care of Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and my hand would wander about in the dish. Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me “Mention Allah’s Name (i.e., say Bismillah before you start eating), eat with your right hand and eat from what is near to you”. I always followed this way of eating after this incident.[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
300 Ibn `Umar (radiyallahu anhuma) reported: Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “All of you are guardians and are responsible for your subjects. The ruler is a guardian and responsible for his subjects; the man is a guardian of his family; the woman is guardian in her husband’s house and responsible for her wards; a servant is guardian of his master’s property and responsible for his ward. So all of you are guardians and are responsible for your subjects”.[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
301 `Amr bin Shu`aib reported on his father’s authority that his grandfather (radiyallahu anhu) said: Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Command your children to perform Salat (prayer) when they are seven years old, and beat them for (not offering) it when they are ten, and do not let (boys and girls) sleep together”.[Abu Dawud].
302 Sabrah bin Ma`bad Al-Juhani (radiyallahu anhu) reported: Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Teach a boy Salat (the prayer) when he attains the age of seven years, and punish him (if he does not offer it) at ten”.[Abu Dawud and Tirmidhi].
The narration in Abu Dawud is: Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Order a boy to perform Salat (the prayer) when he is seven years old”.
Riyāḍ uṣ-Ṣāliḥīn · Chapter 40 of 372
The Book of Miscellany – Chapter 40 : Ahadith 312 – 335
Imam Abu Zakariyya Yahya ibn Sharaf an-Nawawi (d. 676 AH)
🎧 Listen to all hadiths in Arabic Ch 40 H 312 – 335
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Allah, the Exalted says:
وَٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَلَا تُشۡرِكُواْ بِهِۦ شَيۡـٔٗاۖ وَبِٱلۡوَٰلِدَيۡنِ إِحۡسَٰنٗا وَبِذِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ وَٱلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ وَٱلۡمَسَٰكِينِ وَٱلۡجَارِ ذِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ وَٱلۡجَارِ ٱلۡجُنُبِ وَٱلصَّاحِبِ بِٱلۡجَنۢبِ وَٱبۡنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ وَمَا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُكُمۡ
“Worship Allah and join none with Him (in worship); and do good to parents, kinsfolk, orphans, Al-Masakin (the poor), the neighbour who is near of kin, the neighbour who is a stranger, the companion by your side, the wayfarer (you meet), and those (slaves) whom your right hands possess”.
Riyāḍ uṣ-Ṣāliḥīn · Chapter 41 of 372
The Book of Miscellany – Chapter 41 : Ahadith 336 – 340
Imam Abu Zakariyya Yahya ibn Sharaf an-Nawawi (d. 676 AH)
🎧 Listen to all hadiths in Arabic Ch 41 H 336 – 340
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Allah, the Exalted says:
فَهَلۡ عَسَيۡتُمۡ إِن تَوَلَّيۡتُمۡ أَن تُفۡسِدُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَتُقَطِّعُوٓاْ أَرۡحَامَكُمۡ ﴿٢٢﴾ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَعَنَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ فَأَصَمَّهُمۡ وَأَعۡمَىٰٓ أَبۡصَٰرَهُمۡ ﴿٢٣﴾
“Would you then, if you were given the authority, do mischief in the land, and sever your ties of kinship? Such are they whom Allah has cursed, so that He has made them deaf and blinded their sight.”
[Muḥammad 47:22–23]
وَٱلَّذِينَ يَنقُضُونَ عَهۡدَ ٱللَّهِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مِيثَٰقِهِۦ وَيَقۡطَعُونَ مَآ أَمَرَ ٱللَّهُ بِهِۦٓ أَن يُوصَلَ وَيُفۡسِدُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمُ ٱللَّعۡنَةُ وَلَهُمۡ سُوٓءُ ٱلدَّارِ
“And those who break the Covenant of Allah, after its ratification, and sever that which Allah has commanded to be joined (i.e., they sever the bond of kinship and are not good to their relatives), and work mischief in the land, on them is the curse (i.e., they will be far away from Allah’s Mercy), and for them is the unhappy (evil) home (i.e., Hell).”
[Ar-Ra‘d 13:25]
Read More “Prohibition of Disobeying Parents and severance of Relations | Riyad-us-Saliheen”
Sahih Muslim · Book 45 of 56
كتاب البر والصلة والآداب
Being Dutiful To One’s Parents, And Which Of Them Is More Entitled To It
باب بِرِّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَأَنَّهُمَا أَحَقُّ بِهِ
2548a. Abu Huraira reported that a person came to Allah, ‘s Messenger ﷺ and said: Who among the people is most deserving of a fine treatment from my hand? He said: Your mother. He again said: Then who (is the next one)? He said: Again it is your mother (who deserves the best treatment from you). He said: Then who (is the next one)? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Again, it is your mother. He (again) said: Then who? Thereupon he said: Then it is your father. In the hadith transmitted on the authority of Qutalba, there is no mention of the word” the people”.
2548b. Abu Huraira reported that a person said: Allah’s Messenger, who amongst the people is most deserving of my good treatment? He said: Your mother, again your mother, again your mother, then your father, then your nearest relatives according to the order (of nearness).
2548c. Abu Huraira reported: A person came to Allah’s Apostle ﷺ. The rest of the hadith is the same as transmitted by jarir but with this addition: By your father, you would get the information.
2548d. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn Shubruma with the same chain of transmitters and the hadith transmitted on the authority of Wuhaib there is a slight variation of wording. Same is the case with the hadith transmitted on the authority of Muhammad b. Talha (and the words are):” Who amongst the people deserves the best treatment from me”.
2549a. Abdullah b. ‘Anir reported that a person came to Allah’s Apostle ﷺ and sought permission (to participate) in Jihad, whereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Are your parents living? He said: Yes. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: You should put in your best efforts (in their) service.
2549b. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Habib with the same chain of transmitters.
2549d. Yazid b. Abu Habib reported that Na’im, the freed slave of Umm Salama, reported to him that ‘Abdullah b. ‘Amr b. ‘As said: There came to Allah’s Apostle ﷺ a person and said: I owe allegiance to you for migration and Jihad seeking reward only from Allah. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Is one from amongst your parents living? He said: Yes, of course, both are living. He further asked: Do you want to seek reward from Allah? He said: Yes. Thereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: Go back to your parents and accord them benevolent treatment.
Being Dutiful To One’s Parents Takes Precedence Over Voluntary Prayer, Etc.
باب تَقْدِيمِ بِرِّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ عَلَى التَّطَوُّعِ بِالصَّلاَةِ وَغَيْرِهَا
2550a. Abu Huraira reported that Juraij was one who was devoted to (prayer) in the temple. His mother came to him. Humaid said that Abu Rafi’ demonstrated before us like the demonstration made by abu Huraira to whom Allah’s Messenger ﷺ had demonstrated as his mother called him placing her palms upon the eyebrows and lifting her head for calling him and said: Juraij, it is your mother, so talk to her. She found him at that time absorbed in prayer, so he said (to himself): O Lord, my mother (is calling me) (whereas I am absorbed) in my prayer. He opted for prayer. She (his mother) went back, then came again for the second time and said: O Juraij, it is your mother (calling you), so talk to me. He said: O Allah. there is my mother also and my prayer, and he opted for prayer. She said: O Allah, this Juraij is my son. I pray to talk to him but he refuses to talk to me. O Allah, don’t bring death to him unless he has seen the prostitutes, and had she invoked the curse upon him (from the heart of her heart) he would have been involved in some turmoil. There was a shepherd living near by his temple (the temple where Juraij was engaged in prayer). It so happened that a woman of that village came there and that shepherd committed fornication with her and she became pregnant and gave birth to a child. It was said to her: Whose child is this? She said: He is the child of one who is living in this temple. So there came persons with hatchets and spades. They called Juraij. He was absorbed in prayer and he did not talk to them and they were about to demolish that temple that he saw them and then came to them and they said: Ask her (this woman) what she says. He smiled and then touched the head of the child and said: Who is your father? He (the child) said: My father is the shepherd of the sheep, and when they heard this, they said: We are prepared to rebuild with gold and silver what we have demolished from your temple. He said: No, rebuild it with clay as it had been before. He then went up (to his room and absorbed himself in prayer).
2550b. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: None spoke in the cradle but only three (persons), Christ son of Mary, the second one the companion of Juraij. Juraij had got constructed a temple and confined himself in that. His mother came to him as he was busy in prayer and she said: Juraij. He said: My Lord, my mother (is calling me while I am engaged in) my prayer. He continued with the prayer. She returned and she came on the next day and he was busy in prayer, and she said: Juraij. And he said: My Lord, my mother (is calling me while I am engaged) in prayer, and he continued with the prayer and she went back, and then on the next day she again came and he was busy in prayer and she said: Juraij. And he said: My Lord, my mother (is calling me while I am engaged in my prayer, and he continued with the prayer, and she said: My Lord, don’t give him death unless he has seen the fate of the prostitutes. The story of Juraij and that of his meditation and prayer gained currency amongst Bani Isra’il. There was a prostitute who had been a beauty incarnate. She said (to the people): If you like I can allure him to evil. She presented herself to him but he paid no heed (to her). She came to a shepherd who lived near the temple and she offered herself to him and he had a sexual intercourse with her and so she became pregnant arid when she gave birth to a child she said: This is from Juraij. So they came and asked him to get down and demolished the temple and began to beat him. He said: What is the matter? They said: You have committed fornication with this prostitute and she has given birth to a child from your loins. He said: Where is the child? They brought him (the child) and he said: just leave me so that I should observe prayer. And he observed prayer and when he finished, he came to the child. He struck his stomach and said: O boy, who is your father? lie said: He is such shepherd. So they turned towards Juraij, kissed him and touched him (for seeking blessing) and said: We are prepared to construct your temple with gold. He said. No, just rebuild it with mud as it had been, and they did that. Then there was a babe who was sucking his mother that a person dressed in fine garment came riding upon a beast. His mother said: O Allah, make my child like this one. He (the babe) left sucking and began to see towards him, and said: O Allah, don’t make me like him. He then returned to the chest and began to suck the milk of his mother. He (Abu Huraira) said: I perceived as if I am seeing Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as he is explaining the scene of his sucking milk with his forefinger in his mouth and sucking that. He (Abu Huraira) further reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: There happened to pass by him a girl who was being beaten and they were saying: You have committed adultery and you have committed theft and she was saying: Allah is enough for me and He is my good Protector, and his mother said: O Allah, don’t make my child like her and he left sucking the milk, and looked towards her and said: O Allah, make me like her, and there was a talk between them. She said: O with shaven head, a good-looking person happened to pass by and I said: O Allah, make my child like him, and you said: O Allah, don’t make me like him, and they passed by a girl while they were beating her and saying: You committed fornication and you committed theft, and I said: O Allah, don’t make my child like her, and you said: O Allah, make me like her. Thereupon he said: That person was a tyrant, and I said: O Allah, don’t make me like him, and they were saying about her: You committed fornication whereas in fact she had not committed that and they were saying: You have committed theft whereas she had not committed theft, so I said: O Allah, make me like her.
The Disgrace Of One Whose Parents, One Or Both Of Them, Reach Old Age During His Lifetime, And He Does Not Enter Paradise
باب رَغِمَ أَنْفُ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ أَبَوَيْهِ أَوْ أَحَدَهُمَا عِنْدَ الْكِبَرِ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ
2551a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: Let him be humbled into dust; let him be humbled into dust. It was said: Allah’s Messenger, who is he? He said: He who sees either of his parents during their old age or he sees both of them, but he does not enter Paradise.
2551b. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Let him be humbled, let him be humbled. It was said: Allah’s Messenger, who is he? He said. He who finds his parents in old age, either one or both of them, and does not enter Paradise.
2551c. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Let him be humbled thrice, and the rest of the hadith is the same.
The Virtue Of Maintaining Ties With The Friends Of One’s Father And Mother, Etc.
باب فَضْلِ صِلَةِ أَصْدِقَاءِ الأَبِ وَالأُمِّ وَنَحْوِهِمَا
2552a. Ibn Dinar reported that a desert Arab met Abdullah b. ‘Umar on the way to Mecca. ‘Abdullah greeted him and mounted him upon the donkey on which he had been riding and gave him the turban that he had on his head. Ibn Dinar (further) reported: We said to him (‘Abdullah b. ‘Umar): May Allah do good to you, these are desert Arabs and they are satisfied even with meagre (things). Thereupon Abdullah said: His father was loved dearly by ‘Umar b. Khattib and I heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The finest act of goodness on the part of a son is to treat kindly the loved ones of his father.
2552b. ‘Abdullah b. Umar reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: The finest act of goodness is that a person should treat kindly the loved ones of his father.
2552c. Abdullah b. Dinar reported that when ‘Abdullah b. ‘Umar set out to Mecea, ‘he kept a donkey with him which he used as a diversion from the tedium of journey on the camel’s back and had a turban which he tied round his head. One day, as he was riding the donkey a desert Arab happened to pass by him. He (‘Abdullah b. ‘Umar) said: Arn’t you so and so? He said: Yes He gave him his donkey and said: Ride it, and tie the turban round your head. Some of his companions said: May Allah pardon you, you gave to this desert Arab the donkey on which you enjoyed ride for diversion and the turban which you tied round your. head. Thereupon he said: Verily I heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The finest act of goodness is the kind treatment of a person to the loved ones of his father after his death and the father of this person was a friend of ‘Umar.
2553a. Nawwas b. Sim’an al-Ansiri reported: I asked Allah’s Messenger ﷺ about virtue and vice. He said: Virtue is a kind disposition and vice is what rankles in your heart and that you disapprove that people should come to know of it.
2553b. Nawwis b. Sim’in reported: I stayed with Allah’s Messenger ﷺ for one year. What obstructed me to migrate was (nothing) but (persistent) inquiries from him (about Islam). (It was a common observation) that when anyone of us migrated (to Medina) he ceased to ask (too many questions) from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ. So I asked him about virtue and vice. Thereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: Virtue is a kind disposition and vice is what rankles in your mind and that you disapprove of its being known to the people.
Upholding Ties Of Kinship, And The Prohibition Of Severing Them
باب صِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ وَتَحْرِيمِ قَطِيعَتِهَا
2554. Abu Huraira reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: Verily Allah created the universe and when He had finished that, ties of relationship came forward and said This is the place for him who seeks refuge from severing (of blood-relationship). He said: Yes. Are you not satisfied that I should keep relationship with one who joins your ties of relationship and sever it with one who severs your (ties of relationship)? They (the ties of blood) said: Certainly so. Thereupon He said: Well, that is how things are for you. Allah’s Messenger ﷺ then said: Recite if you like:” But if you turn away you are sure to make mischief in the land and cut off the ties of kinship. Those it is whom Allah has cursed, so He has made them deaf and blinded their eyes. Do they not reflect on the Qur’an? Or, are there locks on their hearts?”.
2555. ‘A’isha reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The tie of kinship is suspended to the Throne and says: He who unites me Allah would unite him and he who severed me Allah would sever him.
2556a. Jubair b. Mut’im reported on the authority of his father that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: The severer would not enter Paradise. Ibn Umar said that Sufyan (explained it as): One who severs the tie of kinship would not enter Paradise.
2556b. Jubair b. Mutlim reported that his father narrated to him that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: The severer of the tie of kinship would not get into Paradise.
2556c. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Zuhri with the same chain of transmitters.
2557a. Anas b. Malik reported: I heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: He who is desirous that his means of sustenance should be expanded for him or his age may be lengthened, should join the tie of relationship.
2557b. Anas b. Malik reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: He who likes that his sustenance should be expanded and his age may be lengthened should join the tie of kinship.
2558a. Abu Huraira reported that a person said: Allah’s Messenger, I have relatives with whom I try, to have close relationship, but they sever (this relation). I treat them well, but they treat me ill. I am sweet to them but they are harsh towards me. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: If it is so as you say, then you in fact throw hot ashes (upon their faces) and there would always remain with you on behalf of Allah (an Angel to support you) who would keep you dominant over them so long as you adhere to this (path of righteousness).
The Prohibition Of Mutual Jealousy And Hatred, And Turning Away From One Another
باب النَّهْىِ عَنِ التَّحَاسُدِ، وَالتَّبَاغُضِ، وَالتَّدَابُرِ،
2558b. Anas b. Malik reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Neither nurse mutual hatred, nor jealousy, nor enmity, and become as fellow. brothers and servants of Allah. It is not lawful fora Muslim that he should keep his relations estranged with his brother beyond three days.
2559a. Anas b. Malik reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying like this. This hadith has been narrated through another chain of transmitters.
2559b. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Zuhri with the same chain of transmitters with the addition of Ibn Uyaina (and the words are):” Do not cut off (mutual relations).”
2559c. This hadith has been narrated through another chain of transmitters and the hadith transmitted on the authority of Abd al-Razziq (the words are):” Neither nurse grudge nor sever (the ties of kinship), nor nurse enmity.”
2559d. Anas reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: Nurse no grudge, nurse no aversion and do not sever ties of kinship and live like fellow-brothers as servants of Allah. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Shu’ba with the same chain of transmitters but with this addition:” As Allah has commanded you.”
The Prohibition Of Forsaking Someone For More Than Three Days For No Legitimate Reason
باب تَحْرِيمِ الْهَجْرِ فَوْقَ ثَلاَثٍ بِلاَ عُذْرٍ شَرْعِيٍّ
2560a. Abu Ayyub Ansiri reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: It is not permissible for a Muslim to have estranged relations with his brother beyond three nights, the one turning one way and the other turning the other way when they meet; the better of the two is one who is the first to give a greeting.
2560b. This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Zuhri with a slight variation of wording (and the words are):” The one turning away and the other turning away when they meet and one avoids the other and the other also avoids him.”
2561. ‘Abdullah b. ‘Umar reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: It is not permissible for a Muslim to have estranged relations with his brother beyond three days.
2562. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: There should be no estranged relations beyond three days.
The Prohibition Of Suspicion, Spying, Competition, Artificial Inflation Of Prices, And So On
باب تَحْرِيمِ الظَّنِّ وَالتَّجَسُّسِ وَالتَّنَافُسِ وَالتَّنَاجُشِ وَنَحْوِهَا
2563a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Avoid suspicion, for suspicion is the gravest lie in talk and do not be inquisitive about one another and do not spy upon one another and do not feel envy with the other, and nurse no malice, and nurse no aversion and hostility against one another. And be fellow-brothers and servants of Allah.
2563b. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Don’t have estranged relations (with the others) and don’t nurse enmity and don’t enter into a transaction when the other (has already entered) and be fellow-brothers and servants of Allah.
2563c. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying. Don’t nurse malice against one another, don’t nurse aversion against one another and don’t be inquisitive about one another and don’t outbid one another (with a view to raising the price) and be fellow-brothers and servants of Allah.
2563d. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of A’mash with the same chain of transmit ters (and the words are):” Don’t sever relations of kinship, don’t bear enmity against one another, don’t bear aversion against one another and don’t feel envy against the other and live as fellow-brothers as Allah has commanded you.
2563e. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Don’t bear aversion against one another and don’t be jealous of one another and be servants of Allah.
The Prohibition Of Wronging, Forsaking, Or Despising A Muslim And The Inviolability Of His Blood, Honor And Wealth
باب تَحْرِيمِ ظُلْمِ الْمُسْلِمِ وَخَذْلِهِ وَاحْتِقَارِهِ وَدَمِهِ وَعِرْضِهِ وَمَالِهِ
2564a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Don’t nurse grudge and don’t bid him out for raising the price and don’t nurse aversion or enmity and don’t enter into a transaction when the others have entered into that transaction and be as fellow-brothers and servants of Allah. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim. He neither oppresses him nor humiliates him nor looks down upon him. The piety is here, (and while saying so) he pointed towards his chest thrice. It is a serious evil for a Muslim that he should look down upon his brother Muslim. All things of a Muslim are inviolable for his brother in faith: his blood, his wealth and his honour.
2564b. This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Abu Huraira with some addition (and it is this):” Verily Allah does not look to your bodies nor to your faces but He looks to your hearts,” and he pointed towards the heart with his fingers.
2564c. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Verily Allah does not look to your faces and your wealth but He looks to your heart and to your deeds.
2565a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The gates of Paradise are not opened but on two days, Monday and Thursday. and then every servant (of Allah) is granted pardon who does not associate anything with Allah except the person in whose (heart) there is rancour against his brother. And it would be said: Look towards both of them until there is reconciliation; look toward both of them until there is reconciliation; look towards both of them until there is reconciliation. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Suhail who narrated it on the authority of his father with the chain of transmitters of MaIik, but with this variation of wording:, (Those would not be granted pardon) who bycott each other.”
2565c. Abu Huraira reported it as a marfu’ hadith (and the words are): The deeds are presented on every Thursday and Friday and Allah, the Exalted and Glorious. grants pardon to every person who does not associate anything with Allah except the person in whose (heart) there is rancour against his brother. It would be said: Put both of them off until they are reconciled.
2565d. Abu Huraim reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying The deeds of people would be presented every week on two days, viz. Monday and Thursday, and every believing servant would be granted pardon except the one in whose (heart) there is rancour against his brother and it would he said: Leave them and put them off until they are turned to reconciliation.
The Virtue Of Love For The Sake Of Allah, May He Be Exalted
باب فِي فَضْلِ الْحُبِّ فِي اللَّهِ
2566. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Verily. Allah would say on the Day of Resurrection: Where are those who have mutual love for My Glory’s sake? Today I shall shelter them in My shadow when there is no other shadow but the shadow of Mine.
2567a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: A person visited his brother in another town and Allah deputed an Angel to wait for him on his way and when he came to him he said: Where do you intend to go? He said: I intend to go to my brother in this town. He said: Have you done any favour to him (the repayment of which you intend to get)? He said: No, excepting this that I love Mm for the sake of Allah, the Exalted and Glorious. Thereupon he said: I am a meesenger to you from, Allah: (to inform you) that Allah loves you as you love him (for His sake) This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Hammid b. Salama with the same of transmitters.
2568a. Abu Rabi’ reported directly from Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: The one who visits the sick is in fact like one who is in the fruit garden of Paradise so long as he does not return.
2568b. Thauban, the freed slave of Allah’s Messenger ﷺ, reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: He who visits the sick continues to remain in the fruit garden of Paradise until he returns.
2568c. Thauban reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: Verily, when a Muslim visits his brother in Islam he is supposed to remain in the fruit garden of Paradise until he returns.
2568d. Thauban, the freed slave of Allah’s Messenger ﷺ, reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: He who visits the sick is supposed to remain in the fruit garden of Paradise. It was said: Allah’s Messenger, what is this Khurfat-ul-jannah? He said: It is a place abounding in fruits.
2568e. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Asim al-Ahwal with the same chain of transmitters.
2569. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Verily, Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, would say on the Day of Resurrection: O son of Adam, I was sick but you did not visit Me. He would say: O my Lord; how could I visit Thee whereas Thou art the Lord of the worlds? Thereupon He would say: Didn’t you know that such and such servant of Mine was sick but you did not visit him and were you not aware of this that if you had visited him, you would have found Me by him? O son of Adam, I asked food from you but you did not feed Me. He would say: My Lord, how could I feed Thee whereas Thou art the Lord of the worlds? He said: Didn’t you know that such and such servant of Mine asked food from you but you did not feed him, and were you not aware that if you had fed him you would have found him by My side? (The Lord would again say: ) O son of Adam, I asked drink from you but you did not provide Me. He would say: My Lord, how could I provide Thee whereas Thou art the Lord of the worlds? Thereupon He would say: Such and such of servant of Mine asked you for a drink but you did not provide him, and had you provided him drink you would have found him near Me.
The Reward Of The Believer For Whatever Befalls Him Of Sickness, Grief And The Like, Even A Thorn That Pricks Him
باب ثَوَابِ الْمُؤْمِنِ فِيمَا يُصِيبُهُ مِنْ مَرَضٍ أَوْ حُزْنٍ أَوْ نَحْوِ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى الشَّوْكَةِ يُش
2570a. ‘A’isha reported, I did not see anyone else being afflicted with more severe illness than Allah’s Messenger ﷺ. In the narration transmitted by ‘Uthman there is a slight variation of wording.
2570b. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of A’mash through other chains of transmitters.
2571a. ‘Abdullah reported: I visited Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as he was running high temperature. I touched his body with my bard and said to him: Allah’s Messenger, you are running high temperature, whereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: Yes, it is so. I comparatively have a more severe fever than any one of you. I said: Is it because there is a double reward in store for you? Thereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: Yes, it is so. And Allah’s Messenger ﷺ again said: When a Muslim falls ill, his compensation is that his minor sins are obliterated just as leaves tall (in autumn). In the hadith transmitted on the authority of Zubair there is (no mention of these words):” I touched his body with my hands.”
2571b. This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of jarir and the hadith transmitted on the authority of Abu Mu’awiya there is an addition of these words: He said: Yes, by Him in Whose Hand is my life, there is no Muslim upon the earth.” The rest of the hadith is the same.
2572a. Aswad reported that some young men from the Quraish visited ‘A’isha as she was in Mina and they were laughing. She said: What makes you laugh? They said: Such and such person stumbled against the rope of the tent and he was about to break his neck or lose his eyes. She said: Don’t laugh for I heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: If a Muslim runs a thorn or (gets into trouble) severe than this, there is assured for him (a higher) rank and his sins are obliterated.
2572b. ‘A’isha reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: A believer does not receive (the trouble) of running a thorn or more than that but Allah elevates him in rank or effaces his sins because of tbat.
2572c. ‘A’isha reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: A believer does not undergo (the trouble) of running a thorn or more than that when Allah effaces his sins.
2572f. ‘A’isha said: No trouble comes to a believer even if it is the pricking of a thorn that it becomes (the means) whereby his sins are effaced or his sins are obliterated. Yazid says: He does not know which word ‘Urwa said (whether he said Qussa or Kuffira).
2572g. ‘A’isha reported: I heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: There is nothing (in the form of trouble) that comes to a believer even if it is the pricking of a thorn that there is decreed for him by Allah good or his sins are obliterated.
2573. Abu Sa’id and abu Huraira reported that they heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Never a believer is stricken with discomfort, hardship or illness, grief or even with mental worry that his sins are not expiated for him.
2574. Abu Huraira reported that when this verse was revealed:” Whoever does evil will be requited for it”, and when this was conveyed to the Muslims they were greatly perturbed. Thereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: Be moderate and stand firm in trouble that falls to the lot of a Muslim (as that) is an expiation for him; even stumbling on the path or the prickin of a thorn (are an expiation for him). Muslim said that ‘Umar b. Abd al-Rahman Muhaisin was from amongst the people of Mecca.
2575. Jabir b. Abdullah reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ visited Umm Sa’ib or Umm Musayyib and said: Umm Sa’ib or Umm Musayyib. why is it that you are shivering? She said:” It is fever and may it not be blessed by Allah, whereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Don’t curse fever for it expiates the sir of the posterity of Adam just as furnace removes the alloy of iron.
2576. ‘Ata’ b. Abi Rabih said: Ibn Abbas said to me: May I show you a woman of Paradise? I said: Yes. He said: Here is this dark-complexioned woman. She came to Allah’s Apostle ﷺ and said: I am suffering from falling sickness and I become naked; supplicate Allah for me, whereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Show endurance as you can do and there would be Paradise for you and, if you desire, I supplicate Allah that He may cure you. She said: I am prepared to show endurance (but the unbearable trouble is) that I become naked, so supplicate Allah that He should not let me become naked, so he supplicated for her.
2577a. Abu Dharr reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying that Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, said: My servants, I have made oppression unlawful for Me and unlawful for you, so do not commit oppression against one another. My servants, all of you are liable to err except one whom I guide on the right path, so seek right guidance from Me so that I should direct you to the right path. O My servants, all of you are hungry (needy) except one whom I feed, so beg food from Me, so that I may give that to you. O My servants, all of you are naked (need clothes) except one whom I provide garments, so beg clothes from Me, so that I should clothe you. O My servants, you commit error night and day and I am there to pardon your sins, so beg pardon from Me so that I should grant you pardon. O My servants, you can neither do Me any harm nor can you do Me any good. O My servants, even if the first amongst you and the last amongst you and even the whole of human race of yours, and that of jinns even, become (equal in) God-conscious like the heart of a single person amongst you, nothing would add to My Power. O My servants, even if the first amongst you and the last amongst you and the whole human race of yours and that of the Jinns too in unison become the most wicked (all beating) like the heart of a single person, it would cause no loss to My Power. O My servants, even if the first amongst you and the last amongst you and the whole human race of yours and that of jinns also all stand in one plain ground and you ask Me and I confer upon every person what he asks for, it would not. in any way, cause any loss to Me (even less) than that which is caused to the ocean by dipping the needle in it. My servants, these for you I shall reward you for thern, so he who deeds of yours which I am recording finds good should praise Allah and he who does not find that should not blame anyone but his ownself. Sa’id said that when Abu Idris Khaulini narrated this hadith he knelt upon his knees.
2577d. Abu Dharr reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying that he reported it from his Lord, the Exalted and Glorious: Verily I have made oppression unlawful for Me and for My servants too, so do not commit oppression. The rest of the hadith is the same.
2578. Jabir b. Abdullah reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: Be on your guardagainst committing oppression, for oppression is a darkness on the Day of Resurrection, and be on your guard against pettimindedness for pettimindedness destroyed those who were before you, as it incited them to shed blood and make lawful what was unlawful for them.
2579. Ibu ‘Umar reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Oppression is the darkness on the Day of Resurrection.
2580. Salim reported on the authority of his father that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: A Muslim is the brother of a fellow-Muslim. He should neither commit oppression upon him nor ruin him, and he who meets the need of a brot’ier, Allah would meet big needs, and he who relieved a Muslim from hardship Allah would relieve him from the hardships to which he would be put on the Day of Resurrection, and he who did not expose (the follies of a Muslim) Allah would conceal his follies on the Day of Resurrection.
2581. Abu Huraira. reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Do you know who is poor? They (the Companions of the Holy Prophet) said: A poor man amongst us is one who has neither dirham with him nor wealth. He (the Holy Prophet) said: The poor of my Umma would be he who would come on the Day of Resurrecton with prayers and fasts and Zakat but (he would find himself bankrupt on that day as he would have exhausted his funds of virtues) since he hurled abuses upon others, brought calumny against others and unlawfully consumed the wealth of others and shed the blood of others and beat others, and his virtues would be credited to the account of one (who suffered at his hand). And if his good deeds fall short to clear the account, then his sins would be entered in (his account) and he would be thrown in the Hell-Fire.
2582. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The claimants would get their claims on the Day of Ressurection so much so that the hornless sheep would get its claim from the horned sheep.
2583. Abu Musa reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, grants respite to the oppessor. But when He lays Hand upon him, He does not then let him off. Re (the Holy Prophet) then recited this verse:” Such is the chastisement of thy Lord when He chastises the towns (inhabited by) wrongdoing persons. Surely, His punishment is painful, severe” (xi. 103).
Supporting One’s Brother Whether He Is Doing Wrong Or Being Wronged
باب نَصْرِ الأَخِ ظَالِمًا أَوْ مَظْلُومًا
2584a. Jabir b. Abdullah reported that two young men, one from the Muhajirin (emigrants) and the other one from the Angr (helpers) fell into dispute and the Muhajir called his fellow Muhajirin, and the Ansari (the helper) called the Ansar (for help). In the meanwhile, Allah’s Messenger ﷺ came there and said: What is this, the proclamation of the days of jahiliya (ignorance)? They said: Allah’s Messenger, there is nothing serious. The two young men fell into dispute and the one struck at the back of the other. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Well, a person should help his brother whether he is an oppressor or an oppressed. If he is the oppressor he should prevent him from doing it, for that is his help; and if he is the oppressed he should be helped (against oppression).
2584b. Jabir b. Abdullah reported: We were along with Allah’s Messenger ﷺ in an expedition that a person from amongst the emigrants struck at the back of a person from the Ansir. The Ansiri said: O Ansar! And the Muhijir said: O Emigrants! Thereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: What are these proclamations of the Days of Ignorance? They said: Allah’s Messenger, a person from the emigrants struck at the back of an Ansari, whereupon he said: It is something disgusting. ‘Abdullah b. Ubayy heard it and said: They have indeed done it. By Allah, when we would return to Medina the respectable amongst them (the Ansar) would turn away the mean (the emigrants). Thereupon ‘Umar said: Permit me so that I should strike the neck of this hypocrite. But he (the Holy Prophet) said: Leave him, the people may not say that Muhammad kills his companions.
2584c. Jabir b. ‘Abdullah reported that a person from the emigrants struck the back of an Ansari. He came to Allah’s Apostle ﷺ and asked for compensation. Thereupon Allah’s Apostle ﷺ said: Leave it. for it is something disgusting. Ibn Mansur said that in the narration transmitted on the authority of Amr (these words are also found):” I heard Jabir.”
The Mutual Mercy, Compassion And Support Of The Believers
باب تَرَاحُمِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَتَعَاطُفِهِمْ وَتَعَاضُدِهِمْ
2585. Abu Musa reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: A believer is like a brick for another believer, the one supporting the other.
2586a. Nu’man b. Bashir reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The similitude of believers in regard to mutual love, affection, fellow-feeling is that of one body; when any limb of it aches, the whole body aches, because of sleeplessness and fever.
2586b. Nu’man b. Bashir reported a hadith like this from Allah’s Apostle ﷺ.
2586c. Nu’man b. Bashir reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The believers are like one person; if his head aches, the whole body aches with fever and sleeplessness.
2586d. Nu’man b. Bashir reported that Muslims are like one body of a person; if the eye is sore, the whole body aches, and if the head aches, the whole body aches.
2586e. A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Nu’man b. Bashir through another chain of transmitters.
2587. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: When two persons indulge in hurling (abuses) upon one another, it would be the first one who would be the sinner so long as the oppressed does not transgress the limits.
2588. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Charity does not in any way decrease the wealth and the servant who forgives Allah adds to his respect, and the one who shows humility Allah elevates him in the estimation (of the people).
2589. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Do you know what is backbiting? They (the Companions) said: Allah and His Messenger know best. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Backbiting implies your talking about your brother in a manner which he does not like. It was said to him: What is your opinion about this that if I actually find (that failing) in my brother which I made a mention of? He said: If (that failing) is actually found (in him) what you assert, you in fact backbited him, and if that is not in him it is a slander.
Glad Tidings That Whomever Allah Conceals In This World He Will Conceal Him In The Hereafter
باب بِشَارَةِ مَنْ سَتَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَيْبَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا بِأَنْ يَسْتُرَ عَلَيْهِ فِي الآخِرَةِ
2590a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: The servant (whose fault) Allah conceals in this world, Allah would also conceal (his faults) on the Day of Resurrection.
2590b. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: The servant (who conceals) the faults of others in this world, Allah would conceal his faults on the Day of Resurrection.
Being Kind To Protect Oneself From Another’s Vile Behavior
باب مُدَارَاةِ مَنْ يُتَّقَى فُحْشُهُ
2591a. A’isha reported that a person sought permission from Allah’s Apostle ﷺ to see him. He said: Grant him permission. (and also added: ) He is a bad son of his tribe or he is a bad person of his tribe. When he came in he used kind words for him. ‘A’isha reported that she said: Allah’s Messenger, you said about him what you had to say and then you treated him with kindness. He said: A’isha, verily in the eye of Allah, worst amongst the person in rank on the Day of Resurrection is one whom the people abandon or desert out of the fear of indecency.
2591b. This hadith has been reported on the authority of Ibn Munkadir with the same chain of transmitters but with a slight variation of wording.
2592a. Jarir reported from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ: He who is deprived of tenderly feelings is in fact deprived of good.
2592b. Jarir reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: He who is deprived of tenderly feelings is in fact deprived of good.
2592c. Jarir b. ‘Abdullah reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: He who is deprived of tenderly feelings is in fact deprived of good and he who is deprived of tenderly feelings is in fact deprived of good.
2593. ‘A’isha, the wife of Allah’s Apostle ﷺ, reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: ‘A’isha, verily Allah is kind and He loves kindness and confers upon kindness which he does not confer upon severity and does not confer upon anything else besides it (kindness).
2594a. ‘A’isha, the wife of Allah’s Apostle ﷺ, reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: Kindness is not to be found in anything but that it adds to its beauty and it is not withdrawn from anything but it makes it defective.
2594b. This hadith has been reported by Miqdam b. Shuraih b. Hani with the same chain of transmitters but with this addition:” ‘A’isha mounted upon a wild camel and she began to make that go round and round. Thereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: You should show kindness, and then he made a mention of this hadith.
The Prohibition Of Cursing Animals Etc.
باب النَّهْىِ عَنْ لَعْنِ الدَّوَابِّ، وَغَيْرِهَا،
2595a. ‘Imran b. Husain reported: We were with Allah’s Messenger ﷺ in some of his journeys and there was a woman from the Ansar riding a she-camel that it shied and she invoked curse upon that. Allah’s Messenger ﷺ heard it and said: Unload that and set it free for it is accursed. ‘Imran said: I still perceive that (dromedary) walking amongst people and none taking any notice of that.
2595b. ‘Imran reported: I perceive as if I am looking towards that dromedary, and in the hadith transmitted on the authority of Thaqafi (the words are):” Unload it and make its back bare for it is accursed.”
2596a. Abu Burza al-Aslami reported that a slave-girl was riding a dromedary and there was also the luggage of people upon it. that she suddenly saw Allah’s Apostle ﷺ. The way of the mountain was narrow and she said (to that dromedary): Go ahead (but that dromedary did not move). She (that slave-girl), out of anger, said: O Allah, let that (dromedary) be damned. Thereupon Allah’s Apostle ﷺ said: Let the dromedary on which the curse has been invoked not proceed with us.
2596b. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Sulaiman Taimi with the same chain of transmitters but with a variation of words (and that is):” By Allah, let that accompany us not which has been damned, or he said like it.”
2597a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: It does not seem proper for Siddiq that he should be an invoker of curse. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Kuraib with the same chain of transmitters.
2598a. Zaid b. Aslam reported that ‘Abd al-Malik b. Marwan sent some domestic goods for decoration to Umm Darda’ on his own behalf, and when it was night ‘Abd al-Malik got up and called for the servant. It seemed as if he (the servant) was late (in responding to his call), so he (‘Abd al-Malik) invoked curse upon him, and when it was morning Umm Darda’ said to him: I heard you cursing your servant during the night when you called him, and she said: I heard Abu Darda’ as saying that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: The invoker of curse would neither be intercessor nor witness on the Day of Resurrection.
2598b. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Zaid b. Aslam with the same chain of transmitters.
2598c. Umm Darda’ reported on the authority of Abu Darda’ as saying: I heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The invoker of curse would neither be witness nor intercessor on the Day of Resurrection.
2599. Abu Huraira reported it was said to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ: Invoke curse upon the polytheists, whereupon he said: I have not been sent as the invoker of curse, but” I have been sent as mercy.”
Whomever Is Cursed, Reviled Or Prayed Against By The Prophet ﷺ When He Does Not Deserve That, It Will Be Purification, Reward And Mercy For Him
باب مَنْ لَعَنَهُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَوْ سَبَّهُ أَوْ دَعَا عَلَيْهِ
2600a. A’isha reported that two persons visited Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and both of them talked about a thing, of which I am not aware, but that annoyed him and he invoked curse upon both of them and hurled malediction, and when they went out I said: Allah’s Messenger, the good would reach everyone but it would not reach these two. He said: Why so? I said: Because you have invoked curse and hurled malediction upon both of them. He said: Don’t you know that I have made condition with my Lord saying thus: O Allah, I am a human being and that for a Muslim upon whom I invoke curse or hurl malediction make it a source of purity and reward.
2600b. This hadith has been reported on the authority of A’mash with the same chain of transmitters and the hadith transmitted on the authority of ‘Isa (the words are):” He had a private meeting with them and hurled malediction upon them and cursed them and sent them out.”
2601a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: O Allah, I am a human being and for any person amongst Muslims upon whom I hurl malediction or invoke curse or give him whipping make it a source of purity and mercy.
2602a. Jabir reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ a hadith like it but with a slight variation of wording.
2602b. This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of A’mash and in the hadith transmitted on the authority of ‘Isa the words are: Make it a source of reward, and in the hadith transmitted on the authority of Abu Huraira (the words are):” Make it a source of mercy.”
2601b. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: O Allah, I make a covenant with Thee against which Thou wouldst never go. I am a human being and thus for a Muslim whom I give any harm or whom I scold or upon whom I invoke curse or whom I beat, make this a source of blessing, purification and nearness to Thee on the Day of Resurrection.
2601c. This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Abu Zinad with a slight variation of wording.
2601d. A hadith like this has been reported on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain of transmitters.
2601e. Salim, the freed slave of Nasriyyin, said: I heard Abu Huraira as saying that he heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: O Allah, Muhammad is a human being. I lose my temper just as human beings lose temper, and I have held a covenant with Thee which Thou wouldst not break: For a believer whom I give any trouble or invoke curse or beat, make that an expiation (of his sins and a source of) his nearness to Thee on the Day of Resurrection.
2601f. Abu Huraira reported that he heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: O Allah, for any believing servant whom I curse make that as a source of nearness to Thee on the Day of Resurrection.
2601g. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: I have held covenant with Thee which Thou wouldst not break, so for any believer whom I curse or beat, make that an expiation on the Day of Resurrection.
2602c. Jabir b. Abdullah reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: I am a human being and I have made this term with my Lord, the Exalted and Glorious: For any servant amongst Muslims whom I curse or scold, make that a source of purity and reward. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn Juraij with the same chain of transmitters.
2603. Anas b. Malik reported that there was an orphan girl with Umm Sulaim (who was the mother of Anas). Allah’s Messenger ﷺ saw that orphan girl and said: O, it is you; you have grown young. May you not advance in years! That slave-girl returned to Umm Sulaim weeping. Umm Sulaim said: O daughter, what is the matter with you? She said: Allah’s Apostle ﷺ has invoked curse upon me that I should not grow in age and thus I would never grow in age, or she said, in my (length) of life. Umm Sulaim went out wrapping her head-dress hurriedly until she met Allah’s Messenger ﷺ. He said to her: Umm Sulaim, what is the matter with you? She said: Allah’s Apostle, you invoked curse upon my orphan girl. He said: Umm Sulaim, what is that? She said: She (the orphan girl) states you have cursed her saying that she might not grow in age or grow in life. Allah’s Messenger ﷺ smiled and then said: Umm Sulaim, don’t you know that I have made this term with my Lord. And the term with my Lord is that I said to Him: 1 am a human being and I am pleased just as a human being is pleased and I lose temper just as a human being loses temper, so for any person from amongst my Ummah whom I curse and he in no way deserves it, let that, O Lord, be made a source of purification and purity and nearness to (Allah) on the Day of Resurrection.
2604a. Ibn Abbas reported: I was playing with children that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ happened to pass by (us). I hid myself behind the door. He (the Holy Prophet) came and he patted upon my shoulders and said: Go and call Mu’awiya. I returned and said: He is busy in taking food. He again asked me to go and call Mu’swiya to him. I went (and came back) and said that he was busy in taking food, whereupon he said: May Allah not fill his belly! Ibn Muthanna, said: I asked Umm Umayya what he meant by the word Hatani. He said: It means” he patted my shoulders”.
2604b. This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Ibn Abbas with a slight variation of wording.
Criticism Of The One Who Is Two-Faced, And The Prohibition Of Doing That
باب ذَمِّ ذِي الْوَجْهَيْنِ وَتَحْرِيمِ فِعْلِهِ
2526c. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The worst amongst the people is the double-faced one; he comes to some people with one face and to others with the other face.
2526d. Abu Huraira reported that he heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The worst amongst people is one with the double face. He comes to some people with one face and to others with the other face.
2526e. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: You will find the worst amongst the people one having double face. He comes to some people with one face and to the others with the other face.
The Prohibition Of Lying, And What Is Permitted Thereof
باب تَحْرِيمِ الْكَذِبِ وَبَيَانِ مَا يُبَاحُ مِنْهُ
2605a. Humaid b. ‘Abd al-Rahman b. ‘Auf reported that his mother Umm Kulthum daughter of ‘Uqba b. Abu Mu’ait, and she was one amongst the first emigrants who pledged allegiance to Allah’s Apostle ﷺ, as saying that she heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: A liar is not one who tries to bring reconciliation amongst people and speaks good (in order to avert dispute), or he conveys good. Ibn Shihab said he did not hear that exemption was granted in anything what the people speak as lie but in three cases: in battle, for bringing reconciliation amongst persons and the narration of the words of the husband to his wife, and the narration of the words of a wife to her husband (in a twisted form in order to bring reconciliation between them).
2605b. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn Shihab with the same chain of transmitters but with a slight variation of wording.
2605c. This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Zuhri with a slight variation of wording.
2606. ‘Abdullah b. Mas’ud reported that Muhammad ﷺ said: Should I inform you that slandering, that is in fact a tale-carrying which creates dissension amongst people, (and) he (further) said: The person tells the truth until he is recorded as truthful, and lie tells a lie until lie is recorded as a liar.
The Abhorrence Of Lying, And The Goodness And Virtue Of Honesty
باب قُبْحِ الْكَذِبِ وَحُسْنِ الصِّدْقِ وَفَضْلِهِ
2607a. ‘Abdullah reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Truth leads one to Paradise and virtue leads one to Paradise and the person tells the truth until he is recorded as truthful, and lie leads to obscenity and obscenity leads to Hell, and the person tells a lie until he is recorded as a liar.
2607b. ‘Abdullah b. Mas’ud reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Telling of truth is a virtue and virtue leads to Paradise and the servant who endeavours to tell the truth is recorded as truthful, and lie is obscenity and obscenity leads to Hell-Fire, and the servant who endeavours to tell a lie is recorded as a liar. Ibn Abu Shaiba reported this from Allah’s Apostle ﷺ.
2607c. ‘Abdullah reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: It is obligatory for you to tell the truth, for truth leads to virtue and virtue leads to Paradise, and the man who continues to speak the truth and endeavours to tell the truth is eventually recorded as truthful with Allah, and beware of telling of a lie for telling of a lie leads to obscenity and obscenity leads to Hell-Fire, and the person who keeps telling lies and endeavours to tell a lie is recorded as a liar with Allah.
2607d. This hadith has been reported on the authority of A’mash with the same chain of transmitters and no mention is made in the hadith transmitted on the authority of ‘Isa (of these words):” He who endeavours to tell the truth and endeavours to tell a lie,” and in the hadith transmitted on the authority of Mushir (the words are):” Until Allah records it”.
The Virtue Of One Who Controls Himself At Times Of Anger, And What Takes Away Anger
باب فَضْلِ مَنْ يَمْلِكُ نَفْسَهُ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ وَبِأَىِّ شَىْءٍ يَذْهَبُ الْغَضَبُ
2608a. Abdullah b. Mas’ud reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Whom do you count as” Raqub” amongst you? They (his Companions) said: One who has no children (the children are born unto him but they do not survive). Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: He is not a Raqub but Raqub is one who does not find his child as the forerunner (in Paradise). He then said: Whom do you count as a wrestler amongst you? We said: He who wrestles with persons. He said: No, it is not he but one who controls himself when in a fit of rage.
2608b. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of A’mash with the same chain of transmitters.
2609a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The strong-man is not one who wrestles well but the strong man is one who controls himself when he is in a fit of rage.
2609b. Abu Huraira reported: I heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: One is not strong because of one’s wrestling skillfully. They said: Allah’s Messenger, then who is strong? He said: He who controls his anger when he is in a fit of rage.
2609c. This hadith has been reported on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain of transmitters.
2610a. Sulaiman b. Surad reported that two persons abused each other in the presence of Allah’s Apostle ﷺ and the eyes of one of them became red as embers and the veins of his neck were swollen. Thereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: I know of a wording, if he were to utter that, his fit of rage (would be no more and that wording is): I seek refuge with Allah from Satan the accursed. The person said: Do you find any madness in me? Ibn al-‘Ala’ said: Do you see it? And he made no mention of the person.
2610b. Sulaiman b. Surad reported that two persons abused each other in the presence of Allah’s Apostle ﷺ and one of them fell into a rage and his face became red. Allah’s Apostle ﷺ saw him and said: I know of a wording; if he were to utter that, he would get out (of the fit of anger) (and the wording is): I seek refuge with Allah from Satan, the accursed. Thereupon, a person went to him who had heard that from Allah’s Apostle ﷺ and said to him: Do you know what Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said? He (the Holy Prophet) said: I know of a wording; if he were to say that, (the fit) would be no more (and the words are): I seek refuge with Allah from Satan, the accursed. And the person said to him: Do you find me mad?
2610c. This hadith has been reported on the authority of A’mash with the same chain of transmitters.
‘Man Is Created In Such A Way That He Is Not Steadfast’
باب خُلِقَ الإِنْسَانُ خَلْقًا لاَ يَتَمَالَكُ
2611a. Anas reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: When Allah fashioned Adam in Paradise, He left him as He liked him to leave. Then Iblis roamed round him to see what actually that was and when he found him hollow from within, he recognised that he had been created with a disposition that he would not have control over himself.
2611b. A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Humaid with the same chain of transmitters.
2612a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: When any one of you fights with his brother he should avoid striking at the face.
2612b. This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Abu Zinad and he said:” When one amongst you strikes (at the face).”
2612c. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: When any one of you fights with his brother, he should spare his face.
2612d. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: When any one of you fights with his brother, he should not slap at the face.
2612e. This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Abu Huraira and in the hadith transmitted on the authority of Ibn Hatim Allah’s Apostle ﷺ is reported to have said: When any one of you fights with his brother, he should avoid his face for Allah created Adam in His own image.
2612f. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: When any one of you fights with his brother, he should avoid the face.
Stern Warning To One Who Torments People Unlawfully
باب الْوَعِيدِ الشَّدِيدِ لِمَنْ عَذَّبَ النَّاسَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ
2613a. ‘Urwa reported on the authority of his father that Hisham b. Hakim b. Hizam happened to pass by some people in Syria who had been made to stand in the sun and olive-oil was being poured upon their heads. He said: What is this? It was said: They are being punished for (not paying) the Kharaj (the government revenue). Thereupon he said: Allah would punish those who torment people in this world (without any genuine reason).
2613b. Hisham reported on the authority of his father that Hisham b. Hakim b. Hizam happened to pass by people, the farmers of Syria, who had been made to stand in the sun. He said: What is the matter with them? They said: They have been detained for Jizya. Thereupon Hisham said: I bear testimony to the fact that I heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Allah would torment those who torment people in the world.
2613c. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Hisham with the same chain of transmitters and he made this addition of Jarir that (Hisham b. Hakim) went to Umair b. Sa’d who was then ruler in Palestine and he narrated to him this hadith and he (submitting before the words of the Prophet) commanded that they should be let off and so they were let off.
2613d. ‘Urwa b. Zubair reported that Hisham b. Hakim found a person (the ruler of Hims) who had been detaining some Nabateans in connection with the dues of Jizya. He said: What is this? I heard Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Allah would torment those persons who torment people in the world.
Telling The One Who Carries A Weapon In The Masjid, Marketplace Or Other Place Where People Gather, To Hold It By Its Point
باب أَمْرِ مَنْ مَرَّ بِسِلاَحٍ فِي مَسْجِدٍ أَوْ سُوقٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِمَا مِنَ الْمَوَاضِعِ الْجَامِعَةِ لِ
2614a. ‘Amr heard Jabir as saying: A person happened to come to the mosque with an arrow; thereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said to him: Take hold of its pointed head.
2614b. Jabir b. Abdullah reported that a person happened to come to the mosque with arrows and their iron-ends were exposed, so he was commanded that he should grasp the pointed heads so that these might not do any harm to a Muslim.
2614c. Jabir reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ commanded a person who had been distributing arrows freely in the mosque that he should not move about in the mosque but by catching hold of their iron-heads. Ibn Rumh narrated this with a slight variation of wording.
2615a. Abd Musa reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: When any one of you happens to go to a meeting or the bazar with an arrow in his hand he must grasp its pointed head; then (he again said): He must grasp its pointed head. Abu Musa said: By Allah, we did not court death until some of us had flung arrows upon the faces of one another.
2615b. Abu Musa reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ assaying: He who amongst you moves in the mosque or in the bazar and there is an arrow with him he should take hold of its iron-head in his palm, so that none amongst the Muslims should receive any injury from it, or he said, should catch its iron-head.
The Prohibition Of Pointing At A Muslim With A Weapon
باب النَّهْىِ عَنِ الإِشَارَةِ، بِالسِّلاَحِ إِلَى مُسْلِمٍ
2616a. Abu Huraira reported: Abu’l-Qasim (the kunya of Allah’s Messenger ﷺ), said: He who pointed a weapon towards his brother the angels invoke curse upon him even if he is his real brother so long as he does not abandon it (the pointing of weapon towards one’s brother Muslim).
2616b. Abu Huraira reported a hadith like this from Allah’s Apostle ﷺ through another chain of transmitters.
2617. Abu Huraira reported a hadith from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ ; (one of them was this) that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: None amongst you should point a weapon towards his brother, for he does not know that Satan might cause the weapon (to slip) from his hand and (he may injure anyone) and thus he may fall into Hell-Fire.
The Virtue Of Removing A Harmful Thing From The Road
باب فَضْلِ إِزَالَةِ الأَذَى عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ،
1914b. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: While a person was going along the path he found a thorny branch upon it. He pushed it to a side and Allah approved (this action) of his and (as a mark of appreciation) granted him pardon.
1914c. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: A person while walking along the path saw the branches of a tree lying there. He said: By Allah, I shall remove these from this so that these may not do harm to the Muslims, and he was admitted to Paradise.
1914d. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying that he saw a person enjoying himself in Paradise because of the tree that he cut from the path which was a source of inconvenience to the people.
1914e. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying that there was a tree which caused inconvenience to the Muslims; a person came there and cut that (tree) (and thus entered ) Paradise).
2618a. Abu Barza reported: I said: Allah’s Messenger, teach me something so that I may derive benefit from it. He said: Remove the troublesome thing from the paths of the Muslims.
2618b. Abu Barza reported that he said to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ: Allah’s Messenger, I do not know whether I would survive after you, so confer upon me something by which Allah should benefit me. Thereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: Do this and that and remove the troublesome things from the paths.
The Prohibition Of Tormenting Cats And Other Animals That Are Not Harmful
باب تَحْرِيمِ تَعْذِيبِ الْهِرَّةِ وَنَحْوِهَا مِنَ الْحَيَوَانِ الَّذِي لاَ يُؤْذِي
2242d. Abdullah reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: A woman was tormented because of a cat which she had confined until it died and she had to get into Hell. She did not allow it either to eat or drink as it was confined, nor did she free it so that it might eat the insects of the earth.
2242f. This hadith has been reported on the authority of Ibn ‘Umar through another chain of transmitters. And Ibn ‘Umar reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: A woman was tormented because of a cat which she had tied and thus allowed it neither to eat or drink nor set it free so that it might eat the insects of the earth.
2242g. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain of transmitters.
2619. Abu Huraira reported from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ A hadith out of which one was this that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: A woman got into Hell-Fire because of a cat whom she had tied, and thus it could not eat, and she did not let it free so that it could devour the insects of the earth, until it died.
2620. Abu Sa’id Khudri and Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, said: Glory is His lower garment and Majesty is His cloak and (Allah says, ) He who contends with Me in regard to them I shall torment him.
The Prohibition Of Making Others Despair Of The Mercy Of Allah
باب النَّهْىِ عَنْ تَقْنِيطِ الإِنْسَانِ، مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى
2621. Jundub reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ stated that a person said: Allah would not forgive such and such (person). Thereupon Allah the Exalted and Glorious, said: Who is he who adjures about Me that I would not grant pardon to so and so; I have granted pardon to so and so and blotted out his deeds (who took an oath that I would not grant pardon to him).
2622. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Many a person with disheveled hair and covered with dust is turned away from the doors (whereas he is held in such a high esteem by Allah) that if he were to adjure in the name of Allah (about anything) Allah would fulfil that.
The Prohibition Of Saying "The People Are Doomed"
باب النَّهْىِ عَنْ قَوْلِ، هَلَكَ النَّاسُ
2623a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: When a person says that people are ruined he is himself ruined. Abu Ishaq said: I do not know whether he said” ahlakahum or ahlakuhum.
2623b. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Suhail with the same chain of transmitters.
2624a. ‘A’isha reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Gabriel impressed upon me (kind treatment) towards the neighbour (so much) that I thought as if he would confer upon him the (right) of inheritance.
2624b. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of ‘A’isha through another chain of transmitters.
2625a. Ibn Umar reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Gabriel impressed upon me (the kind treatment) towards the neighbour (so much) that I thought as if he would soon confer upon him the (right) of inheritance.
2625b. Abu Dharr reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: Abu Dharr, when you prepare the broth, add water to that and give that (as a present) to your neighbour.
2625c. Abu Dharr reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ commanded me thus: Whenever you prepare a broth, add water to it, and have in your mind the members of the household of your neighbours and then give them out of this with courtesy.
It Is Recommend To Show A Cheerful Countenance When Meeting Others
باب اسْتِحْبَابِ طَلاَقَةِ الْوَجْهِ عِنْدَ اللِّقَاءِ
2626. Abu Dharr reported: Allah’s Apostle ﷺ said to me: Don’t consider anything insignificant out of good things even if it is that you meet your brother with a cheerful countenance.
It Is Recommend To Intercede With Regard To That Which Is Not Unlawful
باب اسْتِحْبَابِ الشَّفَاعَةِ فِيمَا لَيْسَ بِحَرَامٍ
2627. Abu Musa reported that when any needy (person) came to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ with a need he commanded him to his Companions, saying: Make a recommendation for him, and you would get the reward. Allah, however, gives the verdict through the tongue of His Apostle what He likes most.
It Is Recommend To Keep Company With Righteous People And Avoid Bad Company
باب اسْتِحْبَابِ مُجَالَسَةِ الصَّالِحِينَ وَمُجَانَبَةِ قُرَنَاءِ السَّوْءِ
2628. Abu Musa reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: The similitude of good company and that of bad company is that of the owner of musk and of the one (iron-smith) blowing bellows, and the owner of musk would either offer you free of charge or you would buy it from him or you would. smell its pleasant odour, and so far as one who blows the. bellows is concerned, he would either burn your clothes or you shall have to smell its repugnant smell.
2629. ‘A’isha, the wife of Allah’s Apostle ﷺ, said: A woman came to me along with her two daughters. She asked me for (charity) but she found nothing with me except one date, so I gave her that. She accepted it and then divided it between her two daughters and herself ate nothing out of that. She then got up and went out, and so did her two daughters. (In the meanwhile) Allah’s Apostle ﷺ visited me and I narrated to him her story. Thereupon Allah’s Apostle ﷺ said: He who is involved (in the responsibility) of (bringing up) daughters, and he accords benevolent treatment towards them, there would be protection for him against Hell-Fire.
2630. ‘A’isha reported: A poor woman came to me along with her daughters. I gave her three dates. She gave a date to each of them and then she took up one date and brought that to her mouth in order to eat that, but her daughters expressed desire to eat it. She then divided the date that she intended to eat between them. This (kind) treatment of her impressed me and I mentioned that which she did to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ. Thereupon he said: Verily Allah has assured Paradise for her, because of (this act) of her, or He has rescued her from Hell-Fire.
2631. Malik reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ as saying: He, who brought up two girls properly till they grew up, he and I would come (together) (very closely) on the Day of Resurrection, and he interlaced his fingers (for explaining the point of nearness between him and that person).
The Virtue Of One Whose Child Dies And He Seeks Reward
باب فَضْلِ مَنْ يَمُوتُ لَهُ وَلَدٌ فَيَحْتَسِبُهُ
2632a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ as saying: Anyone amongst the Muslims, three of whose children die, and he resigns himself calmly to the will of God, Fire will not touch him but for the fulfilment of the oath.
2632b. This hadith has been reported by Zuhri on the authority of Malik, and in the hadith transmitted on the authority of Sufyan (the words are):” He would enter into Fire, except for the fulfilment of the oath.”
2632c. Abu Huraira reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said to a woman of the Ansar: In case anyone amongst you sees the sad demise of three children of (hers) and she resigns herself to the will of God hoping to get reward, she would be admitted to Paradise. A woman from amongst them said: Allah’s Messenger, even if they (the children who die) are two. Thereupon, he (the Holy Prophet, ) said: Even if they are two.
2633. Abu Sa’id Khudri reported that a woman came to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and said: Allah’s Messenger, men receive your instructions; kindly allocate at your convenience a day for us also, on which we would come to you and you would teach us what Allah has taught you. He said: You assemble on such and such a day. They assembled and Allah’s Messenger ﷺ came to them and taught them what Allah had taught him and he then said: No woman amongst you who sends her three children as her forerunners (in the Hereafter) but they would serve him as a protection against Hell-Fire. A woman said: What about two and two and two? Thereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: Even if they are two and two and two.
2634. Abu Huraira reported that he (the Holy Prophet) said: Three (children) who die in childhood.
2635. Abu Hassan reported: I said to Abu Huraira that my two children had died. Would you narrate to me anything from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ a hadith which would soothe our hearts in our bereavements? He said: Yes. Small children are the fowls of Paradise. If one of them meets his father (or he said his parents) he would take hold of his cloth, or he said with his hand as I take hold of the hem of your cloth (with my hand). And he (the child) would not take off (his hand) from it until Allah causes his father to enter Paradise. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Tamim with the same chain of transmitters. And he is reported to have said: Did you hear from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ anything which may soothe our heart in our bereavements? He said: Yes.
2636a. Abu Huraira reported that a woman came to Allah’s Apostle ﷺ with her child and said: Allah’s Apostle, invoke Allah’s blessing upon him for I have already buried three. He said: You have buried three! She said: Yes. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: You have, indeed, safeguarded yourself against the torment of Hell with a strong safeguard. ‘Umar has made a mention of his father, whereas others have not made a mention of his father.
2636b. Abu Huraira reported that a woman came to Allah’s Apostle ﷺ with her child and said: Allah’s Messenger, he is ailing, and I am afraid (that he may die), as I have already buried three. Thereupon he said: It (their sad demise) would be a protection against Hell-Fire for you. Zuhair has not mentioned the kunya of Abu Ghiyath; he has mentioned his name.
When Allah Loves A Person. He Commands Jibril To Love Him, And He Loves Him, And The People Of Heaven Love Him, Then He Finds Acceptance On Earth
باب إِذَا أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ عَبْدًا حَبَّبَهُ إِلَى عِبَادِهِ
2637a. Abu Huraira reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: When Allah loves a servant, He calls Gabriel and says: Verily, I so and so; you should also love him, and then Gabriel begins to love him. Then he makes an announcement in the heaven saying: Allah loves so and so and you also love him, and then the inhabitants of the Heaven (the Angels) also begin to love him and then there is conferred honour upon him in the earth; and when Allah is angry with any servant He calls Gabriel and says: I am angry with such and such and you also become angry with him, and then Gabriel also becomes angry and then makes an announcement amongst the inhabitants of heaven: Verily Allah is angry with so-and so, so you also become angry with him, and thus they also become angry with him. Then he becomes the object of wrath on the earth also.
2637b. This hadith has been reported on the authority of Suhail with the same chain of transmitters except with this variation that in the hadith transmitted on the authority of ‘Ali’ b. Musayyib, there is no mention of (the word)” Anger”.
2637c. Suhail b. Abi Salih, reported: We were in Arafa that there happened to pass Umar b. Abd al-‘Aziz and he was the Amir of Hajj. People stood up in order to catch a glimpse of him. I said to my father: Father, I think that Allah loves Umar b. Abd al- ‘Aziz. He said: How is it? I said: It is because of the love in people’s heart for him. Thereupon he said: By One Who created your father, I heard Abu Huraira narrating from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ a hadith like one transmitted on the authority of Suhail.
2638a. Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger ﷺ Saying: Souls are troops collected together and those who familiarised with each other (in the heaven from where these come) would have affinity, with one another (in the world) and those amongst them who opposed each other (in the Heaven) would also be divergent (in the world).
2638b. Abu Huraira narrated directly from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ that he said: People are like mines of gold and silver; those who were excellent in Jahiliya (during the days of ignorance) are excellent In Islam, when they have, an understanding, and the souls are troops collected together and those who had a mutual familiarity amongst themselves in the store of prenatal existence would have affinity amongst them, (in this world also) and those who opposed one of them, would be at variance with one another.
2639a. Anas b. Malik reported that a desert Arab said to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ: When would be the Last Hour? Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: What preparation have you made for that? Thereupon he said: The love of Allah and of His Messenger (that is my preparation for the Last Hour) (for the Day of Resurrection). Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: You would be along with one whom you love.
2639b. Anas reported that a person said to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ: When would be the Last Hour? He (the Holy Prophet) said: What preparation have you made for that? And he gave no details, but said: I love Allah and His Messenger. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: You would be along with one whom you love. Anas b. Malik reported through another chain of transmitters that a desert Arab came to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ, the rest of the hadith is the same but with this variation that he said: I have not made much preparations which merit appreciation for myself.
2639d. Anas b. Malik reported that a person came to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and said to Allah’s Messenger: When would be the Last Hour? Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: What preparation have you made for the Last Hour? He said: The love of Allah and of His Messenger (is my only preparation). Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: You would be along with one whom you love. Anas said: Nothing pleased us more after accepting Islam than the words of Allah’s Apostle: You would be along with one whom you love. And Anas said. I love Allah and His Messenger and Abu Bakr and Umar, and I hope that I would be along with them although I have not acted like them.
2639e. Anas b. Malik reported Allah’s Apostle ﷺ this hadith through another chain of transmitters but he did not make mention of the words of Anas: I love, and what follows subsequently.
2639f. Anas b. Malik reported: Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and I were coming out of the mosque that we met a person on the threshold of the mosque and he said to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ: When would be the Last Hour? Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: What preparation have you made for that? The man became silent and then said: Allah’s Messenger, I have made no significant preparation with prayer and fasting and charity but I, however, love Allah and His Messenger. Thereupon (the Holy Prophet) said: You would be along with one whom you love.
2639g. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Anas through another chain of transmitters.
2639h. This hadith has been reported on the authority of Anas with a different chain of transmitters.
2640a. ‘Abdullah reported that a person came to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and said to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ: What is your opinion about the person who loves the people but his (acts or deeds are not identical to theirs)? Thereupon Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said: A person would be along with one whom he loves.
2640b. A hadith like this has been transmitted on the authority of ‘Abdullah.
2641. Abu Musa, reported that a person came to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ ; the rest of the hadith is the same.
If A Righteous Man Is Praised, It Is Glad Tidings For Him And Will Not Harm Him
باب إِذَا أُثْنِيَ عَلَى الصَّالِحِ فَهِيَ بُشْرَى وَلاَ تَضُرُّهُ
2642a. Abu Dharr reported: It was said to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ: What is your opinion about the person who has done good deeds and the people praise him? He said: It is glad tidings for a believer (which he has received in this mortal world).
2642b. This hadith has been narrated through another chain of transmitters also and the one transmitted on the authority of Shu’ba (the words are):” People love him.” In the hadith transmitted on the authority of ‘Abd-us-Samad (the words are):” People praise him as stated by Hammad.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari · Book 85 of 97
كتاب الفرائض · Al-Faraa’id
The Statement of Allah: “Allah commands you as regards your children’s (inheritance)… (up to)… This is a Commandment from Allah; and Allah is Ever All-Knowing, Most Forbearing.” (V.4:11,12)
بَابُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي أَوْلاَدِكُمْ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الأُنْثَيَيْنِ فَإِنْ كُنَّ نِسَاءً فَوْقَ اثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ وَاحِدَةً فَلَهَا النِّصْفُ وَلأَبَوَيْهِ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا السُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَوَرِثَهُ أَبَوَاهُ فَلأُمِّهِ الثُّلُثُ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُ إِخْوَةٌ فَلأُمِّهِ السُّدُسُ مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِي بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ آبَاؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ لاَ تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعًا فَرِيضَةً مِنَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا وَلَكُمْ نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ أَزْوَاجُكُمْ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُنَّ وَلَدٌ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُنَّ وَلَدٌ فَلَكُمُ الرُّبُعُ مِمَّا تَرَكْنَ مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِينَ بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ وَلَهُنَّ الرُّبُعُ مِمَّا تَرَكْتُمْ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَكُمْ وَلَدٌ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَكُمْ وَلَدٌ فَلَهُنَّ الثُّمُنُ مِمَّا تَرَكْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ تُوصُونَ بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ رَجُلٌ يُورَثُ كَلاَلَةً أَوِ امْرَأَةٌ وَلَهُ أَخٌ أَوْ أُخْتٌ فَلِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا السُّدُسُ فَإِنْ كَانُوا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَهُمْ شُرَكَاءُ فِي الثُّلُثِ مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَى بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ غَيْرَ مُضَارٍّ وَصِيَّةً مِنَ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَلِيمٌ}
6723. Narrated Jabir bin ‘Abdullah (radhiyallahu anhuma):
I became sick so Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and Abu Bakr came on foot to pay me a visit. When they came, I was unconscious. Allah’s Messenger ﷺ performed ablution and he poured over me the water (of his ablution) and I came to my senses and said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! What shall I do regarding my property? How shall I distribute it?” The Prophet ﷺ did not reply till the Divine Verses of inheritance were revealed .
Learning about the Laws of Inheritance (descent and distribution).
باب تَعْلِيمِ الْفَرَائِضِ
6724. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, ‘Beware of suspicion, for it is the worst of false tales and don’t look for the other’s faults and don’t spy and don’t hate each other, and don’t desert (cut your relations with) one another O Allah’s slaves, be brothers!” (See Hadith No. 90)
The statement of the Prophet ﷺ: “Our (i.e., Messengers’) property is not to be inherited, and whatever we leave (after our death), is Sadaqa (to be spent in charity).”
باب قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ” لاَ نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ “
6725. Narrated ‘Aishah (radhiyallahu anha):
Fatima and Al ‘Abbas came to Abu Bakr, seeking their share from the property of Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and at that time, they were asking for their land at Fadak and their share from Khaibar.
6726. Abu Bakr said to them, ” I have heard from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ saying, ‘Our property cannot be inherited, and whatever we leave is to be spent in charity, but the family of Muhammad ﷺ may take their provisions from this property.” Abu Bakr added, “By Allah, I will not leave the procedure I saw Allah’s Messenger ﷺ following during his lifetime concerning this property.” Therefore Fatima left Abu Bakr and did not speak to him till she died.
6727. Narrated ‘Aishah (radhiyallahu anha):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “Our (Messengers’) property should not be inherited, and whatever we leave, is to be spent in charity.”
6728. Narrated Malik bin Aus:
‘I went and entered upon ‘Umar, his doorman, Yarfa came saying ‘Uthman, ‘Abdur-Rahman, Az-Zubair and Sa’d are asking your permission (to see you). May I admit them? ‘Umar said, ‘Yes.’ So he admitted them Then he came again and said, ‘May I admit ‘Ali and ‘Abbas?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ ‘Abbas said, ‘O, chief of the believers! Judge between me and this man (‘Ali ). ‘Umar said, ‘I beseech you by Allah by Whose permission both the heaven and the earth exist, do you know that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, ‘Our (the Messengers’) property will not be inherited, and whatever we leave (after our death) is to be spent in charity?’ And by that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ meant himself.’ The group said, ‘(No doubt), he said so.’ ‘Umar then faced ‘Ali and ‘Abbas and said, ‘Do you both know that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said that?’ They replied, ‘(No doubt), he said so.’ ‘Umar said, ‘So let me talk to you about this matter. Allah favored His Messenger ﷺ with something of this Fai’ (i.e. booty won by the Muslims at war without fighting) which He did not give to anybody else;
Allah said:– ‘And what Allah gave to His Messenger ﷺ ( Fai’ Booty) ………to do all things….(59.6) And so that property was only for Allah’s Messenger ﷺ . Yet, by Allah, he neither gathered that property for himself nor withheld it from you, but he gave its income to you, and distributed it among you till there remained the present property out of which the Prophet ﷺ used to spend the yearly maintenance for his family, and whatever used to remain, he used to spend it where Allah’s property is spent (i.e. in charity etc.). Allah’s Messenger ﷺ followed that throughout his life.
Now I beseech you by Allah, do you know all that?’ They said, ‘Yes.’ ‘Umar then said to ‘Ali and ‘Abbas, ‘I beseech you by Allah, do you know that?’ Both of them said, ‘Yes.’ ‘Umar added, ‘And when the Prophet ﷺ died, Abu Bakr said, ‘ I am the successor of Allah’s Messenger ﷺ, and took charge of that property and managed it in the same way as Allah’s Messenger ﷺ did.
Then I took charge of this property for two years during which I managed it as Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and Abu Bakr did. Then you both (‘Ali and ‘Abbas) came to talk to me, bearing the same claim and presenting the same case. (O ‘Abbas!) You came to me asking for your share from the property of your nephew, and this man (‘Ali) came to me, asking for the share of h is wife from the property of her father. I said, ‘If you both wish, I will give that to you on that condition (i.e. that you would follow the way of the Prophet ﷺ and Abu Bakr and as I (‘Umar) have done in man aging it).’ Now both of you seek of me a verdict other than that? Lo! By Allah, by Whose permission both the heaven and the earth exist, I will not give any verdict other than that till the Hour is established. If you are unable to manage it, then return it to me, and I will be sufficient to manage it on your behalf.’ “
6729. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, “Not even a single Dinar of my property should be distributed (after my deaths to my inheritors, but whatever I leave excluding the provision for my wives and my servants, should be spent in charity.”
6730. Narrated ‘Urwa:
‘Aishah said, “When Allah’s Messenger ﷺ died, his wives intended to send ‘Uthman to Abu Bakr asking him for their share of the inheritance.” Then ‘Aishah said to them, “Didn’t Allah’s Messenger ﷺ say, ‘Our (Messengers’) property is not to be inherited, and whatever we leave is to be spent in charity?'”
The statement of the Prophet ﷺ: “Whoever leaves some property (after his death), then it is for his family (inheritors).”
باب قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ” مَنْ تَرَكَ مَالاً فَلأَهْلِهِ “
6731. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “I am more closer to the believers than their own selves, so whoever (of them) dies while being in debt and leaves nothing for its repayment, then we are to pay his debts on his behalf and whoever (among the believers) dies leaving some property, then that property is for his heirs.”
The inheritance share of the offspring from the property of their dead fathers and mothers.
باب مِيرَاثِ الْوَلَدِ مِنْ أَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ
6732. Narrated Ibn ‘Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “Give the Fara’id (the shares of the inheritance that are prescribed in the Qur’an) to those who are entitled to receive it. Then whatever remains, should be given to the closest male relative of the deceased .”
The inheritance of daughters (i.e., their right to inherit property).
باب مِيرَاثِ الْبَنَاتِ
6733. Narrated Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas (radhiyallahu anhu):
I was stricken by an ailment that led me to the verge of death. The Prophet ﷺ came to pay me a visit. I said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! I have much property and no heir except my single daughter. Shall I give two-thirds of my property in charity?” He said, “No.” I said, “Half of it?” He said, “No.” I said, “One-third of it?” He said, “You may do so) though one-third is also to a much, for it is better for you to leave your off-spring wealthy than to leave them poor, asking others for help. And whatever you spend (for Allah’s sake) you will be rewarded for it, even for a morsel of food which you may put in the mouth of your wife.” I said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! Will I remain behind and fail to complete my emigration?” The Prophet ﷺ said, “If you are left behind after me, whatever good deeds you will do for Allah’s sake, that will upgrade you and raise you high. May be you will have long life so that some people may benefit by you and others (the enemies) be harmed by you.” But Allah’s Messenger ﷺ felt sorry for Sa’d bin Khaula as he died in Makkah. (Sufyan, a sub-narrator said that Sa’d bin Khaula was a man from the tribe of Bani ‘Amir bin Lu’ai.)
6734. Narrated Al-Aswad bin Yazid:
Mu’adh bin Jabal came to us in Yemen as a tutor and a ruler, and we (the people of Yemen) asked him about (the distribution of the property of ) a man who had died leaving a daughter and a sister. Mu’adh gave the daughter one-half of the property and gave the sister the other half.
The inheritance of one’s grandchild if one has no child.
باب مِيرَاثِ ابْنِ الاِبْنِ، إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنِ ابْنٌ
6735. Narrated Ibn ‘Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma):
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, “Give the Fara’id (shares prescribed in the Qur’an) to those who are entitled to receive it; and whatever remains, should be given to the closest male relative of the deceased.’
The share of inheritance of one’s son’s daughter in the presence of own daughter.
باب مِيرَاثِ ابْنَةِ ابْنٍ مَعَ ابْنَةٍ
6736. Narrated Huzail bin Shirahbil:
Abu Musa was asked regarding (the inheritance of) a daughter, a son’s daughter, and a sister. He said, “The daughter will take one-half and the sister will take one-half. If you go to Ibn Mas’ud, he will tell you the same.” Ibn Mas’ud was asked and was told of Abu Musa’s verdict. Ibn Mas’ud then said, “If I give the same verdict, I would stray and would not be of the rightly-guided. The verdict I will give in this case, will be the same as the Prophet ﷺ did, i.e. one-half is for daughter, and one-sixth for the son’s daughter, i.e. both shares make two-thirds of the total property; and the rest is for the sister.” Afterwards we cams to Abu Musa and informed him of Ibn Mas’ud’s verdict, whereupon he said, “So, do not ask me for verdicts, as long as this learned man is among you.”
The shares of inheritance for. the (living) paternal grandfather, the father and brothers of the deceased.
باب مِيرَاثِ الْجَدِّ مَعَ الأَبِ وَالإِخْوَةِ
6737. Narrated Ibn ‘Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “Give the Fara’id, (the shares prescribed in the Qur’an) to those who are entitled to receive it, and then whatever remains, should be given to the closest male relative of the deceased.”
6738. Narrated Ibn ‘Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma):
The person about whom Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, “If I were to take a Khalil from this nation (my followers), then I would have taken him (i.e., Abu Bakr), but the Islamic Brotherhood is better (or said: good),” regarded a grandfather as the father himself (in inheritance).
The inheritance of the husband along with the offspring and other relatives (of the deceased).
باب مِيرَاثِ الزَّوْجِ مَعَ الْوَلَدِ وَغَيْرِهِ
6739. Narrated Ibn ‘Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma):
(During the early days of Islam), the inheritance used to be given to one’s offspring and legacy used to be bequeathed to the parents, then Allah cancelled what He wished from that order and decreed that the male should be given the equivalent of the portion of two females, and for the parents one-sixth for each of them, and for one’s wife one-eighth (if the deceased has children) and one-fourth (if he has no children), for one’s husband one-half (if the deceased has no children) and one-fourth (if she has children).”
The inheritance of a woman and a husband along with the offspring and other relatives.
باب مِيرَاثِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَالزَّوْجِ مَعَ الْوَلَدِ وَغَيْرِهِ
6740. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ gave the judgment that a male or female slave should be given in Qisas for an abortion case of a woman from the tribe of Bani Lihyan (as blood money for the fetus) but the lady on whom the penalty had been imposed died, so the Prophets ordered that her property be inherited by her offspring and her husband and that the penalty be paid by her Asaba.
The sisters (of the deceased) share the inheritance with the daughters (of the deceased), the sisters being treated as the ‘Asaba.
باب مِيرَاثِ الأَخَوَاتِ مَعَ الْبَنَاتِ عَصَبَةً
6741. Narrated Al-Aswad:
Mu’adh bin Jabal gave this verdict for us in the lifetime of Allah’s Messenger ﷺ. One-half of the inheritance is to be given to the daughter and the other half to the sister. Sulaiman said: Mu’adh gave a verdict for us, but he did not mention that it was so in the lifetime of Allah’s Messenger ﷺ.
6742. Narrated Huzail:
‘Abdullah said, “The judgment I will give in this matter will be like the judgment of the Prophet ﷺ, i.e. one-half is for the daughter and one-sixth for the son’s daughter and the rest of the inheritance for the sister.”
6743. Narrated Jabir (radhiyallahu anhuma):
While I was sick, the Prophet ﷺ entered upon me and asked for some water to perform ablution, and after he had finished his ablution, he sprinkled some water of his ablution over me, whereupon I became conscious and said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! I have sisters.” Then the Divine Verses regarding the laws of inheritance were revealed.
(The Statement of Allah): “They ask you for a legal verdict. Say: ‘Allah directs (thus) about Al-Kalala (those who leave neither descendants nor ascendants as heirs). If it is a man that dies, leaving a sister, but no child, she shall have half the inheritance. If (such a deceased was) a woman, who left no child, her brother takes her inheritance. If there are two sisters, they shall have two-thirds of the inheritance; if there are brothers and sisters, then the male will have twice the share of the female.’ (Thus) does Allah make clear to you (His Law) lest you go astray. And Allah is the All-Knower of everything.” (V.4:176)
بَابُ {يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلاَلَةِ إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَا إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا وَلَدٌ فَإِنْ كَانَتَا اثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُمَا الثُّلُثَانِ مِمَّا تَرَكَ وَإِنْ كَانُوا إِخْوَةً رِجَالاً وَنِسَاءً فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الأُنْثَيَيْنِ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَضِلُّوا وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ}
6744. Narrated Al-Bara (radhiyallahu anhuma):
The last Quranic Verse that was revealed (to the Prophet ﷺ) was the final Verse of Surat-an-Nisa, i.e., ‘They ask you for a legal verdict Say: Allah directs (thus) About those who leave No descendants or ascendants as heirs….’ (4.176)
Regarding the heirs of a lady who dies, leaving two cousins, one of whom is her maternal brother and the other, her husband.
باب ابْنَىْ عَمٍّ أَحَدُهُمَا أَخٌ لِلأُمِّ وَالآخَرُ زَوْجٌ
6745. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, “I am more closer to the believers than their ownselves, so whoever (among them) dies leaving some inheritance, his inheritance will be given to his ‘Asaba, and whoever dies leaving a debt or dependants or destitute children, then I am their supporter.”
6746. Narrated Ibn ‘Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “Give the Fara’id (the shares of the inheritance that are prescribed in the Qur’an) to those who are entitled to receive it; and whatever is left should be given to the closest male relative of the deceased.”
(Can) kindred by blood (i.e., Dhawil-Arham) (be the heir of the deceased).
باب ذَوِي الأَرْحَامِ
6747. Narrated Ibn ‘Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma):
regarding the Holy Verse:–‘And to everyone, We have appointed heirs.
When the emigrants came to Al-Madina, the Ansar used to be the heir of the emigrants (and vice versa) instead of their own kindred by blood (Dhawl-l-arham), and that was because of the bond of brotherhood which the Prophet ﷺ had established between them, i.e. the Ansar and the emigrants. But when the Divine Verse:–
‘And to everyone We have appointed heirs,’ (4.33) was revealed, it cancelled the other, order i.e. ‘To those also, to whom Your right hands have pledged.’
6748. Narrated Ibn ‘Umar (radhiyallahu anhuma):
A man and his wife had a case of Lian (or Mula’ana) during the lifetime of the Prophet ﷺ and the man denied the paternity of her child. The Prophet ﷺ gave his verdict for their separation (divorce) and then the child was regarded as belonging to the wife only.
The child is for the owner of the bed, whether its mother was a free lady or a slave-girl.
باب الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ حُرَّةً كَانَتْ أَوْ أَمَةً
6749. Narrated ‘Aishah (radhiyallahu anha):
‘Utba (bin Abi Waqqas) said to his brother Sa’d, “The son of the slave girl of Zam’a is my son, so be his custodian.” So when it was the year of the Conquest of Makkah, Sa’d took that child and said, “He is my nephew, and my brother told me to be his custodian.” On that, ‘Abu bin Zam’a got up and said, ‘but the child is my brother, and the son of my father’s slave girl as he was born on his bed.” So they both went to the Prophet ﷺ. Sa’d said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! (This is) the son of my brother and he told me to be his custodian.” Then ‘Abu bin Zam’a said, “(But he is) my brother and the son of the slave girl of my father, born on his bed.” The Prophet ﷺ said, “This child is for you. O ‘Abu bin Zam’a, as the child is for the owner of the bed, and the adulterer receives the stones.” He then ordered (his wife) Sauda bint Zam’a to cover herself before that boy as he noticed the boy’s resemblance to ‘Utba. Since then the boy had never seen Sauda till he died.
Al-Wala’ is for the manumitter. (Regarding) the inheritance of Al-Laqit (a small child or an insane person, who has nobody to be responsible for him).
باب الْوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ، وَمِيرَاثُ اللَّقِيطِ
6750. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “The boy is for the owner of the bed.”
6751. Narrated ‘Aishah (radhiyallahu anha):
I bought Barira (a female slave). The Prophet ﷺ said (to me), “Buy her as the Wala’ is for the manumitted.” Once she was given a sheep (in charity). The Prophet ﷺ said, “It (the sheep) is a charitable gift for her (Barira) and a gift for us.” Al-Hakam said, “Barira’s husband was a free man.” Ibn ‘Abbas said, ‘When I saw him, he was a slave.”
6752. Narrated Ibn ‘Umar (radhiyallahu anhuma):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “The Wala’ is for the manumitted (of the slave).”
The heir of the Sa’iba (a slave whose master frees him and tells him that nobody will be entitled to get his Wala’).
باب مِيرَاثِ السَّائِبَةِ
6753. Narrated ‘Abdullah (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Muslims did not free slaves as Sa’iba, but the People of the Pre-Islamic Period of Ignorance used to do so.
6754. Narrated Al-Aswad:
‘Aishah bought Barira in order to manumit her, but her masters stipulated that her Wala’ (after her death) would be for them. ‘Aishah said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! I have bought Barira in order to manumit her, but her masters stipulated that her Wala’ will be for them.” The Prophet ﷺ said, “Manumit her as the Wala is for the one who manumits (the slave),” or said, “The one who pays her price.” Then ‘Aishah bought and manumitted her. After that, Barira was given the choice (by the Prophet ﷺ) (to stay with her husband or leave him). She said, “If he gave me so much and so much (money) I would not stay with him.” (Al-Aswad added: Her husband was a free man.) The sub-narrator added: The series of the narrators of Al-Aswad’s statement is incomplete. The statement of Ibn ‘Abbas, i.e., when I saw him he was a slave, is more authentic.
The sin of the freed slave who denies his master who has freed him.
باب إِثْمِ مَنْ تَبَرَّأَ مِنْ مَوَالِيهِ
6755. Narrated ‘Ali (radhiyallahu anhu):
We have no Book to recite except the Book of Allah (Qur’an) and this paper. Then ‘Ali took out the paper, and behold ! There was written in it, legal verdicts about the retaliation for wounds, the ages of the camels (to be paid as Zakat or as blood money). In it was also written: ‘Al-Madina is a sanctuary from Air (mountain) to Thaur (mountain). So whoever innovates in it an heresy (something new in religion) or commits a crime in it or gives shelter to such an innovator, will incur the curse of Allah, the angels and all the people, and none of his compulsory or optional good deeds will be accepted on the Day of Resurrection. And whoever (a freed slave) takes as his master (i.e. be-friends) some people other than hi real masters without the permission of his real masters, will incur the curse of Allah, the angels and all the people, and none of his compulsory, or optional good deeds will be accepted on the Day of Resurrection. And the asylum granted by any Muslim is to be secured by all the Muslims, even if it is granted by one of the lowest social status among them; and whoever betrays a Muslim, in this respect will incur the curse of Allah, the angels, and all the people, and none of his Compulsory or optional good deeds will be accepted on the Day of Resurrection.”
6756. Narrated Ibn ‘Umar (radhiyallahu anhuma):
The Prophet ﷺ forbade the selling of the Wala’ (of slaves) or giving it as a present.
6757. Narrated Ibn ‘Umar (radhiyallahu anhuma):
That ‘Aishah, the mother of the Believers, intended to buy a slave girl in order to manumit her. The slave girl’s master said, “We are ready to sell her to you on the condition that her Wala should be for us.” ‘Aishah mentioned that to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ who said, “This (condition) should not prevent you from buying her, for the Wala is for the one who manumits (the slave).”
6758. Narrated Al-Aswad:
‘Aishah said, “I bought Barira and her masters stipulated that the Wala would be for them.” ‘Aishah mentioned that to the Prophet ﷺ and he said, “Manumit her, as the Wala is for the one who gives the silver (i.e. pays the price for freeing the slave).” ‘Aishah added, “So I manumitted her. After that, the Prophet ﷺ caller her (Barira) and gave her the choice to go back to her husband or not. She said, “If he gave me so much and so much (money) I would not stay with him.” So she selected her ownself (i.e. refused to go back to her husband).”
6759. Narrated Ibn ‘Umar (radhiyallahu anhuma):
When ‘Aishah intended to buy Barira, she said to the Prophet ﷺ, “Barira’s masters stipulated that they will have the Wala.” The Prophet ﷺ said (to ‘Aishah), “Buy her, as the Wala is for the one who manumits.”
6760. Narrated ‘Aishah (radhiyallahu anha):
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, “The wala is for the one who gives the silver (pays the price) and does the favor (of manumission after paying the price).”
The freed slave belongs to the people who have freed him. And the son of the sister of some people is one of them (belongs to those people).
باب مَوْلَى الْقَوْمِ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ، وَابْنُ الأُخْتِ مِنْهُمْ
6761. Narrated Anas bin Malik (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “The freed slave belongs to the people who have freed him,” or said something similar.
6762. Narrated Anas bin Malik (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “The son of the sister of some people is from them or from their own selves.”
6763. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ said, ” If somebody dies (among the Muslims) leaving some property, the property will go to his heirs; and if he leaves a debt or dependants, we will take care of them.”
Neither a Muslim can be the heir of a disbeliever, nor a disbeliever can be the heir of a Muslim. And if somebody becomes a Muslim before the property of his dead (disbeliever) relative is divided among the heirs, he will have no share.
باب لاَ يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ وَلاَ الْكَافِرُ الْمُسْلِمَ، وَإِذَا أَسْلَمَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْسَمَ الْمِيرَاثُ فَلاَ مِيرَاثَ لَهُ
6764. Narrated Usama bin Zaid (radhiyallahu anhuma):
the Prophet ﷺ said, “A Muslim cannot be the heir of a disbeliever, nor can a disbeliever be the heir of a Muslim.”
The Inheritance of a. Christian slave and a Mukatab Christian slave. And the sin of the person who denies being the father of his children.
بَابُ مِيرَاثِ الْعَبْدِ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَمُكَاتَبِ النَّصْرَانِيِّ، وَإِثْمِ مَنِ انْتَفَى مِنْ وَلَدِهِ
Whoever claims that. somebody is his brother or his nephew.
باب مَنِ ادَّعَى أَخًا أَوِ ابْنَ أَخٍ
6765. Narrated ‘Aishah (radhiyallahu anha):
Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas and ‘Abu bin Zam’a had a dispute over a boy. Sa’d said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! This (boy) is the son of my brother, ‘Utba bin Abi Waqqas who told me to be his custodian as he was his son. Please notice to whom he bears affinity.” And ‘Abu bin Zam’a said, “This is my brother, O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! He was born on my father’s bed by his slave girl.” Then the Prophet ﷺ looked at the boy and noticed evident resemblance between him and ‘Utba, so he said, “He (the toy) is for you, O ‘Abu bin Zam’a, for the boy is for the owner of the bed, and the stone is for the adulterer. Screen yourself before the boy, O Sauda bint Zam’a.” ‘Aishah added: Since then he had never seen Sauda.
Whoever claims to be the son of a person other than his father.
باب مَنِ ادَّعَى إِلَى غَيْرِ أَبِيهِ
6766. Narrated Sa’d (radhiyallahu anhu):
I heard the Prophet ﷺ saying, “Whoever claims to be the son of a person other than his father, and he knows that person is not his father, then Paradise will be forbidden for him.”
6767. I mentioned that to Abu Bakra, and he said, “My ears heard that and my heart memorized it from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ
6768. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “Do not deny your fathers (i.e. claim to be the sons of persons other than your fathers), and whoever denies his father, is charged with disbelief.”
6769. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, “There were two women with whom there were their two sons. A wolf came and took away the son of one of them. That lady said to her companion, ‘The wolf has taken your son.’ The other said, ‘But it has taken your son.’ So both of them sought the judgment of (the Prophet ﷺ) David who judged that the boy should be given to the older lady. Then both of them went to (the Prophet ﷺ) Solomon, son of David and informed him of the case. Solomon said, ‘Give me a knife so that I may cut the child into two portions and give one half to each of you.’ The younger lady said, ‘Do not do so; may Allah bless you ! He is her child.’ On that, he gave the child to the younger lady.” Abu Hurairah added: By Allah! I had never heard the word ‘Sakkin’ as meaning knife, except on that day, for we used to call it ‘Mudya”
The Qa’if (one who is expert in noticing resemblance between persons belonging to the same lineage).
باب الْقَائِفِ
6770. Narrated ‘Aishah (radhiyallahu anha):
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ once entered upon me in a very happy mood, with his features glittering with joy, and said, “O ‘Aishah! won’t you see that Mujazziz (a Qa’if) looked just now at Zaid bin Haritha and Usama bin Zaid and said, ‘These feet (of Usama and his father) belong to each other.” (See Hadith No. 755, Vol. 4)
6771. Narrated ‘Aishah (radhiyallahu anha):
Once Allah’s Messenger ﷺ entered upon me and he was in a very happy mood and said, “O ‘Aishah: Don’t you know that Mujazziz Al-Mudliji entered and saw Usama and Zaid with a velvet covering on them and their heads were covered while their feet were uncovered. He said, ‘These feet belong to each other.’
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Sahih al-Bukhari · Book 69 of 97
كتاب النفقات
5351. Narrated Abu Mas’ud Al-Ansari (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “When a Muslim spends something on his family intending to receive Allah’s reward it is regarded as Sadaqa for him.”
5352. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, “Allah said, ‘O son of Adam! Spend, and I shall spend on you.”
5353. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “The one who looks after a widow or a poor person is like a Mujahid (warrior) who fights for Allah’s Cause, or like him who performs prayers all the night and fasts all the day.”
5354. Narrated Sad (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ visited me at Makkah while I was ill. I said (to him), “I have property; May I bequeath all my property in Allah’s Cause?” He said, “No.” I said, “Half of it?” He said, “No.” I said, “One third of it?” He said, “One-third (is alright), yet it is still too much, for you’d better leave your inheritors wealthy than leave them poor, begging of others. Whatever you spend will be considered a Sadaqa for you, even the mouthful of food you put in the mouth of your wife. Anyhow Allah may let you recover, so that some people may benefit by you and others be harmed by you.”
Narrated Al-‘Amash:
It is obligatory to spend for one’s wife and household.
باب وُجُوبِ النَّفَقَةِ عَلَى الأَهْلِ وَالْعِيَالِ
5355. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
“The Prophet ﷺ said, ‘The best alms is that which is given when one is rich, and a giving hand is better than a taking one, and you should start first to support your dependents.’ A wife says, ‘You should either provide me with food or divorce me.’ A slave says, ‘Give me food and enjoy my service.” A son says, “Give me food; to whom do you leave me?” The people said, “O Abu Hurairah! Did you hear that from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ ?” He said, “No, it is from my own self.”
5356. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, “The best alms is that which you give when you are rich, and you should start first to support your dependants.”
To provide one’s family with food sufficient for one year in advance. And how one should spend on his dependants.
باب حَبْسِ نَفَقَةِ الرَّجُلِ قُوتَ سَنَةٍ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ، وَكَيْفَ نَفَقَاتُ الْعِيَالِ
5357. Narrated ‘Umar (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ used to sell the dates of the garden of Bani An-Nadir and store for his family so much food as would cover their needs for a whole year.
5358. Narrated Malik bin Aus bin Al-Hadathan:
Once I set out to visit ‘Umar (bin Al-Khattab). (While I was sitting there with him his gate-keeper, Yarfa, came and said, “‘Uthman AbdurRahman (bin ‘Auf), Az-Zubair and Sad (bin Abi Waqqas) are seeking permission (to meet you).” ‘Umar said, “Yes. So he admitted them and they entered, greeted, and sat down. After a short while Yarfa came again and said to ‘Umar ‘Shall I admit ‘Ali and ‘Abbas?” ‘Umar said, “Yes.” He admitted them and when they entered, they greeted and sat down. ‘Abbas said, “O Chief of the Believers! Judge between me and this (‘Ali).” The group, ‘Uthman and his companions Sad, ‘O Chief of the Believers! Judge between them and relieve one from the other.” ‘Umar said. Wait! I beseech you by Allah, by Whose permission both the Heaven and the Earth stand fast ! Do you know that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said. ‘We (Messengers) do not bequeath anything to our heirs, but whatever we leave is to be given in charity.’ And by that Allah’s Messengers meant himself?” The group said, “He did say so.” ‘Umar then turned towards ‘All and ‘Abbas and said. “I beseech you both by Allah, do you know that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said that?” They said, ‘Yes ” ‘Umar said, “Now, let me talk to you about this matter. Allah favored His Messenger ﷺ with something of this property (war booty) which He did not give to anybody else. And Allah said:– ‘And what Allah has bestowed on His Messenger ﷺ (as Fai Booty) from them for which you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry . . . Allah is Able to do all things.’ (59.6) So this property was especially granted to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ. But by Allah he neither withheld it from you, nor did he keep it for himself and deprive you of it, but he gave it all to you and distributed it among you till only this remained out of it. And out of this property Allah’s Messenger ﷺ used to provide his family with their yearly needs, and whatever remained, he would spend where Allah’s Property (the revenues of Zakat) used to be spent. Allah’s Messenger ﷺ kept on acting like this throughout his lifetime. Now I beseech you by Allah, do you know that?” They said, “Yes.” Then ‘Umar said to ‘Ali and ‘Abbas, “I beseech you by Allah, do you both know that?” They said, “Yes.” ‘Umar added, “When Allah had taken His Messenger ﷺ unto Him, Abu Bakr said, ‘I am the successor of Allah’s Messenger ﷺ. So he took charge of that property and did with it the same what Allah’s Messenger ﷺ used to do, and both of you knew all about it then.” Then ‘Umar turned towards ‘Ali and Abbas and said, “You both claim that Abu- Bakr was so-and-so! But Allah knows that he was honest, sincere, pious and right (in that matter). Then Allah caused Abu Bakr to die, and i said, ‘I am the successor of Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and Abu Bakr.’ So I kept this property in my possession for the first two years of my rule, and I used to do the same with it as Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and Abu Bakr used to do. Later both of you (‘Ali and ‘Abbas) came to me with the same claim and the same problem. (O ‘Abbas!) You came to me demanding your share from (the inheritance of) the son of your brother, and he (‘Ali) came to me demanding his wives share from (the inheritance of) her father. So I said to you, ‘If you wish I will hand over this property to you, on condition that you both promise me before Allah that you will manage it in the same way as Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and Abu Bakr did, and as I have done since the beginning of my rule; otherwise you should not speak to me about it.’ So you both said, ‘Hand over this property to us on this condition.’ And on this condition I handed it over to you. I beseech you by Allah, did I hand it over to them on that condition?” The group said, “Yes.” ‘Umar then faced ‘Ali and ‘Abbas and said, “I beseech you both by Allah, did I hand it over to you both on that condition?” They both said, “Yes.” ‘Umar added, “Do you want me now to give a decision other than that? By Him with Whose permission (order) both the Heaven and the Earth stand fast, I will never give any decision other than that till the Hour is established! But if you are unable to manage it (that property), then return it to me and I will be sufficient for it on your behalf . “
The expenditure of a woman whose husband is away from her, and the expenditure of her child.
باب نَفَقَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا غَابَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَنَفَقَةِ الْوَلَدِ
5359. Narrated ‘Aishah (radhiyallahu anha):
Hind bint ‘Utba came and said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! Abu Sufyan is a miser so is it sinful of me to feed our children from his property?” Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, “No except if you take for your needs what is just and reasonable. “
5360. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ said, “If the wife gives of her husband’s property (something in charity) without his permission, he will get half the reward.”
“The mothers shall give suck to their children for two whole years, (that is) for those (parents) who desire to complete the term of suckling… (up to)… Allah is All-Seer of what you do.” (V.2:233) And Allah also said: “And the bearing of him (the child) and the weaning of him is (a period of) thirty months.” (V.46:15) And Allah said: “But if you make difficulties for one another, then some other woman may give suck for him (the child’s father). Let the rich man spend according to his means, and the man whose resources are restricted… (up to)… after hardship, ease.” (V.65:6,7)
بَابٌ
5361. Narrated ‘Ali (radhiyallahu anhu):
Fatima went to the Prophet ﷺ complaining about the bad effect of the stone hand-mill on her hand. She heard that the Prophet ﷺ had received a few slave girls. But (when she came there) she did not find him, so she mentioned her problem to ‘Aishah. When the Prophet ﷺ came, ‘Aishah informed him about that. ‘Ali added, “So the Prophet ﷺ came to us when we had gone to bed. We wanted to get up (on his arrival) but he said, ‘Stay where you are.” Then he came and sat between me and her and I felt the coldness of his feet on my abdomen. He said, “Shall I direct you to something better than what you have requested? When you go to bed say ‘Subhan Allah’ thirty-three times, ‘Alhamdulillah’ thirty three times, and Allahu Akbar’ thirty four times, for that is better for you than a servant.”
5362. Narrated ‘Ali bin Abi Talib (radhiyallahu anhu):
Fatima came to the Prophet ﷺ asking for a servant. He said, “May I inform you of something better than that? When you go to bed, recite “Subhan Allah’ thirty three times, ‘Alhamdulillah’ thirty three times, and ‘Allahu Akbar’ thirty four times. ‘All added, ‘I have never failed to recite it ever since.” Somebody asked, “Even on the night of the battle of Siffin?” He said, “No, even on the night of the battle of Siffin.”
5363. Narrated Al-Aswad bin Yazid:
I asked ‘Aishah “What did the Prophet ﷺ use to do at home?” She said, “He used to work for his family, and when he heard the Adhan (call for the prayer), he would go out.”
If a man does not provide for his family, then the wife can take of his wealth what is sufficient for her needs and the needs of her children and the amount should be just and reasonable.
باب إِذَا لَمْ يُنْفِقِ الرَّجُلُ فَلِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمِهِ مَا يَكْفِيهَا وَوَلَدَهَا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ
5364. Narrated ‘Aishah (radhiyallahu anha):
Hind bint ‘Utba said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! Abu Sufyan is a miser and he does not give me what is sufficient for me and my children. Can I take of his property without his knowledge?” The Prophet ﷺ said, “Take what is sufficient for you and your children, and the amount should be just and reasonable.
A woman should take care of the wealth of her husband, and also of what he gives her for expenditures.
باب حِفْظِ الْمَرْأَةِ زَوْجَهَا فِي ذَاتِ يَدِهِ وَالنَّفَقَةِ
5365. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, “The best women among the camel riders, are the women of Quraish.” (Another narrator said) The Prophet ﷺ said, “The righteous among the women of Quraish are those who are kind to their young ones and who look after their husband’s property . “
5366. Narrated ‘Ali (radhiyallahu anhu):
The Prophet ﷺ gave me a silk suit and I wore it, but when I noticed anger on his face, I cut it and distributed it among my women-folk.
A lady should help her husband in looking after his children.
باب عَوْنِ الْمَرْأَةِ زَوْجَهَا فِي وَلَدِهِ
5367. Narrated Jabir bin ‘Abdullah (radhiyallahu anhuma):
My father died and left seven or nine girls and I married a matron. Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said to me, “O Jabir! Have you married?” I said, “Yes.” He said, “A virgin or a matron?” I replied, “A matron.” he said, “Why not a virgin, so that you might play with her and she with you, and you might amuse her and she amuse you.” I said, ” ‘Abdullah (my father) died and left girls, and I dislike to marry a girl like them, so I married a lady (matron) so that she may look after them.” On that he said, “May Allah bless you,” or “That is good.”
5368. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, “I am ruined!” The Prophet ﷺ said, “Why?” He said, “I had sexual intercourse with my wife while fasting (in the month of Ramadan).” The Prophet ﷺ said to him, “Manumit a slave (as expiation).” He replied, “I cannot afford that.” The Prophet ﷺ said, “Then fast for two successive months.” He said, “I cannot.” The Prophet ﷺ said, “Then feed sixty poor persons.” He said, “I have nothing to do that.” In the meantime a basket full of dates was brought to the Prophet ﷺ . He said, “Where is the questioner.” The man said, “I am here.” The Prophet ﷺ said (to him), “Give this (basket of dates) in charity (as expiation).” He said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! Shall I give it to poorer people than us? By Him Who sent you with the Truth, there is no family between Al-Madina’s two mountains poorer than us.” The Prophet ﷺ smiled till his pre-molar teeth became visible. He then said, “Then take it.”
(The Statement of Allah:) “And on the (father’s) heir is incumbent the like of that (which was incumbent on the father)…” (V.2:233) And is a woman chargeable with anything thereof? And Allah’s Statement: “Allah puts forward (another) example of two men, one of them dumb…” (V.16:76)
باب {وَعَلَى الْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ} ، وَهَلْ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ؟
5369. Narrated Um Salama (radhiyallahu anha):
I said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! Shall I get a reward (in the Hereafter) if I spend on the children of Abu Salama and do not leave them like this and like this (i.e., poor) but treat them like my children?” The Prophet ﷺ said, “Yes, you will be rewarded for that which you will spend on them.”
5370. Narrated ‘Aishah (radhiyallahu anha):
Hind (bint ‘Utba) said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! Abu Sufyan is a miser. Is there any harm if I take of his property what will cover me and my children’s needs?” The Prophet ﷺ said, “Take (according to your needs) in a reasonable manner.”
The statement of the Prophet ﷺ: “If one dies leaving debts to be repaid or dependants to be taken care of, it is for me (to pay the debts and look after the needy dependants).”
باب قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ” مَنْ تَرَكَ كَلاًّ أَوْ ضَيَاعًا فَإِلَىَّ “.
5371. Narrated Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu anhu):
A dead man in debt used to be brought to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ who would ask, “Has he left anything to re pay his debts?” If he was informed that he had left something to cover his debts the Prophet ﷺ would offer the funeral prayer for him; otherwise he would say to the Muslims present there), “Offer the funeral prayer for your friend:”but when Allah helped the Prophet ﷺ to gain victory (on his expeditions), he said, “I am closer to the Believers than themselves, so. if one of the Believers dies in debt, I will repay it, but if he leaves wealth, it will be for his heirs.
Freed female slaves or any other women can be wet nurses.
باب الْمَرَاضِعِ مِنَ الْمَوَالِيَاتِ وَغَيْرِهِنَّ
5372. Narrated Um Habiba (radhiyallahu anha):
(the wife of the Prophet ﷺ) I said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! Will you marry my sister, the daughter of Abu Sufyan.” The Prophet ﷺ said, “Do you like that?” I said, “Yes, for I am not your only wife, and the person I like most to share the good with me, is my sister.” He said, “That is not lawful for me.” I said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! We have heard that you want to marry Durra, the daughter of Abu Salama.” He said, “You mean the daughter of Um Salama?” I said, “Yes.” He said, “Even if she were not my step-daughter, she is unlawful for me, for she is my foster niece. Thuwaiba suckled me and Abu Salama. So you should not present to me your daughters and sisters.”
Narrated ‘Ursa: Thuwaiba had been a slave girl whom Abu Lahab had emancipated.
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