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Prohibition of Calling a Muslim an Infidel

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Chapter 326
Prohibition of Calling a Muslim an Infidel

1732. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “When a person calls his brother (in Islam) a disbeliever, one of them will certainly deserve the title. If the addressee is so as he has asserted, the disbelief of the man is confirmed, but if it is untrue, then it will revert to him.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1733. Abu Dharr (May Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) saying, “If somebody accuses another of disbelief or calls him the enemy of Allah, such an accusation will revert to him (the accuser) if the accused is innocent.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Prohibition of Extending Fast beyond one Day

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Prohibition of Extending Fast beyond one Day

1764. Abu Hurairah and `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) prohibited observing continuous voluntary fasts beyond one day.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1765. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) prohibited observing continuous fasts beyond one day. The Companions submitted: “But you do it.” He replied, “I am not like you. I am given to eat and to drink (from Allah).”

Undesirability of Pretentiousness and Exaggeration during Conversation

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Undesirability of Pretentiousness and Exaggeration during Conversation

1736. Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Ruined are Al-Mutanatti`un.” He repeated this thrice.
[Muslim].

1737. `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-As (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Verily, Allah dislikes an eloquent person who rolls his tongue as a cow rolls its tongue (while eating).”
[Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi].

1738. Jabir bin `Abdullah (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “The dearest and the closest of you to me on the Day of Resurrection will be those who are the best in behaviour; and the most hateful and the farthest from me on the Day of Resurrection will be the talkative and the most pretentious and the most rhetorical.”
[At-Tirmidhi].

Prohibition of Relieving Nature on the Paths

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Prohibition of Relieving Nature on the Paths

Allah, the Exalted, says:

“And those who annoy believing men and women undeservedly, they bear (on themselves) the crime of slander and plain sin.” (33:58)

1771. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Avoid two habits which provoke cursing.” The Companions said: “What are those things which provoke cursing?” He said, “Relieving on the thoroughfares or under the shades where people take shelter and rest.”
[Muslim].

Prohibition of Mourning beyond Three Days (For Women)

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Prohibition of Mourning beyond Three Days (For Women)

1774.  Zainab bint Abu Salamah (May Allah be pleased with them) said: I went to Umm Habibah (May Allah be pleased with her) the wife of the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam), when her father Abu Sufyan bin Harb (May Allah be pleased with him) died. Umm Habibah (May Allah be pleased with her) sent for a yellow coloured perfume or something else like it, and she applied it to a slave-girl and then rubbed it on her own cheeks and said: “By Allah, I have no need for perfume, I heard the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) saying from the pulpit, `It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for the dead beyond three days, except for the death of her husband; in which case the period of mourning is of four months and ten days.”’ Zainab said: I then visited Zainab, daughter of Jahsh (May Allah be pleased with her) when her brother died; she sent for perfume and applied it and then said: “Beware! By Allah, I don’t feel any need of perfume but I heard the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) saying from the pulpit, `It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn the dead beyond three days except in case of her husband (for whom the period is) four months and ten days.”’
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

Prohibition of raising one’s Eyes towards the sky during As-Salat (ThePrayer)

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Prohibition of raising one’s Eyes towards the sky during As-Salat (The Prayer)

1754. Anas bin Malik (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “How is it that some people raise their eyes towards the sky during As-Salat (the prayer)?” He stressed (this point) and added, “People must refrain from raising their eyes towards heaven in Salat (prayer), or else their sights will certainly be snatched away.”
[Al-Bukhari].

Abomination of saying: “Forgive me if you wish, O Allah!”

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Abomination of saying: “Forgive me if you wish, O Allah!”

1743. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “You must not supplicate: `O Allah! forgive me if You wish; O Allah bestow mercy on me if You wish.’ But beg from Allah with certitude for no one has the power to compel Allah.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

Another narration of Muslim is: “A supplication should be made in full confidence and one should persistently express his desire (before Allah) in his supplication, for no bounty is too great for Allah to bestow (upon his slaves).”

1744. Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “When one of you supplicates, let him be decisive and he should not say: `O Allah, bestow upon me such and such if You wish’, because no one has the power to compel Him.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Abomination of Holding Conversation after ‘Isha’ (Night) Prayer

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Abomination of Holding Conversation after ‘Isha’ (Night) Prayer

1746. Abu Barzah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) disliked going to bed before the `Isha’ (night) prayer and indulging in conversation after it.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1747. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: Once, towards the end of his life, the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) concluded the `Isha’ (night) prayer and said, “After one hundred years from tonight none of the people on the surface of the earth will survive.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1748. Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) said: Once the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) delayed the `Isha’ (night) prayer till midnight. He (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) turned to us after the prayer and said, “All the people slept after offering their prayers, but you who waited, will be accounted as if you were engaged in your prayer throughout the period.”

[Al-Bukhari].

Undesirability of Reviling the Rooster

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Undesirability of Reviling the Rooster

1730. Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhani (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Do not revile the rooster for it wakes you up for prayer.”
[Abu Dawud].

Prohibition of passing in front of a Worshipper while he is offeringSalat (Prayer)

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Prohibition of passing in front of a Worshipper while he is offering Salat
(Prayer)

1758. Abul-Juhaim `Abdullah bin Al-Harith (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “If the person who passes in front of a praying person, realizes the enormity of the sinfulness of this act, it will have been better for him to wait forty than to pass in front of him.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

[The narrator was not sure whether the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said forty days, months or years.]

Prohibition of Attributing Rain to the Stars

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Prohibition of Attributing Rain to the Stars

1731. Zaid bin Khalid (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) led the Fajr prayer at Al-Hudaibiyyah after a rainfall during the night. At the conclusion of prayer, he turned towards the people and said, “Do you know what your Rubb has said?” They replied: “Allah and His Messenger know better.” Upon this he remarked, “He has said: `Some of My slaves have entered the morning as My believers and some as unbelievers. He who said: We have had a rainfall due to the Grace and Mercy of Allah, believes in Me and disbelieves in the stars; and he who said: We have had a rainfall due to the rising of such and such star, disbelieves in Me and affirms his faith in the stars.”’
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Undesirability of Glancing in one Direction of the other during Prayer

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Undesirability of Glancing in one Direction of the other during Prayer

1755. `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: I asked the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) about random looks in Salat (prayer), and he replied, “It is something which Satan snatches from the slave’s Salat.”
[Al-Bukhari].

1756.  Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said to me, “Beware of looking around in Salat (prayer), because random looks in Salat are a cause of destruction. If there should be no help from it, it is permissible in the voluntary and not in obligatory Salat.”
[At-Tirmidhi].

Prohibition of giving preference to Children over one another in givingGifts, etc.

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Chapter 353
Prohibition of giving preference to Children over one another in giving Gifts,
etc.

1773.  An-Nu`man bin Bashir (May Allah be pleased with them) said: My father took me to the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) and said to him: “I have gifted one of my slaves to this son of mine.” The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Have you given such gift to every son of yours?” He replied, “No.” Thereupon he said, “Take this gift back.”

     Another narration is: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Be mindful of your obligation to Allah and do justice in respect of your children.” My father came back and revoked his gift.

     Another narration is: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) asked, “Have you other children besides this one?” He said, “Yes.” The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) asked, “Have you awarded a gift like this to all of them.” He said, “No.” The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “I am not going to bear witness to this act of injustice.”

    Another narration is: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) asked, “Do you not except goodness from all of them as you except from him?” He said, “Yes, of course.” The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Then don’t do this (i.e., do not give a gift to one son only).”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Prohibition of taking Ar-Riba (The Usury)

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Chapter 287
Prohibition of taking Ar-Riba (The Usury)

Allah, the Exalted, says:

“Those who eat Ar-Riba (the usury) will not stand (on the Day of Resurrection) except like the standing of a person beaten by Shaitan (Satan) leading him to insanity. That is because they say: `Trading is only like Ar-Riba, whereas Allah has permitted trading and forbidden Ar-Riba. So whosoever receives an admonition from his Rubb and stops eating Ar-Riba, shall not be punished for the past; his case is for Allah (to judge); but whoever returns (to Ar-Riba), such are the dwellers of the Fire – they will abide therein. Allah will destroy Ar-Riba and will give increase for Sadaqat (deeds of charity, alms). And Allah likes not the disbelievers, sinners. Truly, those who believe, and do deeds of righteousness, and perform As-Salat (Iqamat-As-Salat), and give Zakat, they will have their reward with their Rubb. On them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve. O you who believe! Be afraid of Allah and give up what remains (due to you) from Ar-Riba (from now onward).” (2:275-279)

Ahadith on the subject are many, including Hadith No. 1615.

1615. `Abdullah bin Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) cursed the one who accepts Ar-Riba (the usury) and the one who pays it.
[Muslim].

The narration in At-Tirmidhi adds: And the one who records it, and the two persons who stand witness to it.

Undesirability of giving a Gift and then ask back for it

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Undesirability of giving a Gift and then ask back for it

1612. Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “He who gives something (to someone) as a gift and then gets it back (from him or her) is like a dog which eats its own vomit.”

 Another narration is: “He who gets back his charity is like a dog which vomits and then returns to that and eats it.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1613. `Umar bin Al-Khattab (May Allah be pleased with him) said: I donated a horse in the way of Allah. Its new possessor did not treat it properly. I made my mind to buy it because I thought that he would sell it at a cheap price (now that it became weak and emaciated). I asked the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) about it, whereupon he said, “Do not buy it and do not get back your charity, for one who gets back the charity is like a dog that eats its own vomit.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

Prohibition of Wearing False Hair, Tattooing and Filling of Teeth

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Prohibition of Wearing False Hair, Tattooing and Filling of Teeth

Allah, the Exalted, says:

“They (all those who worship others than Allah) invoke nothing but female deities besides Him (Allah), and they invoke nothing but Shaitan (Satan), a persistent rebel! Allah cursed him. And he [Shaitan (Satan)] said: `I will take an appointed portion of your slaves. Verily, I will mislead them, and surely, I will arouse in them false desires; and certainly, I will order them to slit the ears of cattle, and indeed I will order them to change the nature created by Allah’…” (4:117-119)

1642. Asma’ (May Allah be pleased with her) said: A woman came to the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) and said: “O Messenger of Allah! I have a daughter who had an attack of small pox and her hair fell off. Now I want to celebrate her marriage. Can I get her a wig?” Thereupon the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Allah has cursed the maker and wearer of a wig.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1643. Humaid bin `Abdur-Rahman (May Allah be pleased wth him) said: I saw Mu`awiyah (May Allah be pleased with him) during the Hajj (pilgrimage) standing on the pulpit. He took from the guard a bunch of hair, and said: “O people of Al-Madinah! Where are your scholars? (Why do they do not prohibit you) I heard the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) prohibiting from using this (false hair) and saying, `The people of Bani Israel were ruined when their women wore such hair.”’
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

1644. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) cursed the maker and wearer of a wig and the tattooer and the one who is tattooed.

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1645. Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) said: Allah has cursed those women who practise tattooing and those women who have themselves tattooed, and those women who get their hair removed from their eyebrows and faces (except the beard and the mustache), and those who make artificial spaces between their teeth for beauty, whereby they change Allah’s creation. A woman started to argue with him, saying: “What is all this?” He replied: “Why should I not curse those whom the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) cursed and who are cursed in Allah’s Book? Allah, the Exalted, has said in His Book:

“And whatsoever the Messenger  (Muhammad (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam)) gives you, take it; and whatsoever he forbids you, abstain (from it).” (59:7)
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

On Prohibition of Shaving a part of Head

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On Prohibition of Shaving a part of Head

1638. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) forbade shaving a part of the head.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1639. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) saw a boy, some portion of whose head was shaved and some of it was left out. He prohibited them from that and said, “Shave the whole of it or leave the whole of it.”
[Muslim].

1640. `Abdullah bin Ja`far (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) gave respite for three days to the family of Ja`far (after his martydom). Then he came and said, “Don’t weep for my brother after this day.” He said, “Bring all of my nephews to me.” We were accordingly brought as if we were chickens. Then he said, “Call for me a barber.” He directed him to shave our heads which he did.
[Abu Dawud].

1641. `Ali (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) prohibited a woman from shaving her head.
[An-Nasa’i].

Prohibition of using the right hand for cleaning after toilet without avalid reason

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Prohibition of using the right hand for cleaning after toilet without a valid
reason

1648. Abu Qatadah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Do not touch your private parts with your right hand while urinating, nor for washing or cleaning (your private parts); and do not breathe into the drinking vessel from which you drink.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Prohibition of Drawing Portraits

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Prohibition of Drawing Portraits

1678. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Those who draw pictures will be punished on the Day of Resurrection; and it will be said to them: `Breathe soul into what you have created.”’
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1679. `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) visited me after returning from a journey, and I had a shelf with a thin cloth curtain hanging over it and on which there were portraits. When he saw it, the colour of his face changed (because of anger) and he said, “O `Aishah! the most grievous torment from Allah on the Day of Resurrection will be for those who imitate (Allah) in the act of His creation.” `Aishah said: We tore it into pieces and made a cushion or two cushions out of that.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1680. Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) saying, “Every painter will go to Hell, and for every portrait he has made, there will be appointed one who will chastise him in the Hell.” Ibn `Abbas said: If you have to do it, draw pictures of trees and other inanimate things.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1681. Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) saying, “Whosoever makes a picture, will be punished on the Day of Resurrection, and will be asked to infuse soul therein, which he will not be able to do.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1682. Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) saying, “Those who will receive the most severe punishment from Allah on the Day of Resurrection will be painters (of living objects).”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1683. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “The Almighty Allah said: `Who is more an oppressor than him who goes to create like My creation? Let him make an ant or a grain of corn or a grain of barley.”’
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1684. Abu Talhah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “The angels do not enter a house in which there is a dog or a portrait.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1685. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: Jibril (Gabriel) promised to visit the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) but delayed and this grieved him very much. When he came out of his house, Jibril met him. The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) asked him about the reason of delay, and he replied: “We do not enter a house in which there is a dog or a portrait.”

[Al-Bukhari].

1686. `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: Jibril (Gabriel) (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) made a promise with the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) to come at a definite hour; that hour came but he did not visit him. There was a staff in the hand of the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam). He threw it from his hand and said, “Never does Allah back out of His Promise, nor do His messengers.” Then he noticed a puppy under his bed and said, “O `Aishah, when did this dog enter?” She said: “By Allah, I don’t know.” He then commanded that it should be turned out. No sooner than had they expelled it, Jibril came and the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said to him, “You promised to visit me. I waited for you but you did not come.” Whereupon he said: “The dog kept me from coming. We do not enter a house in which there is a dog or a picture.”
[Muslim].

1687. Abul-Haiyaj Haiyan bin Husain said: `Ali bin Abu Talib (May Allah be pleased with him) said to me: “Shall I not send you to do a task that the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) had assigned to me? Spare no portrait unwiped out, and leave not a high grave unlevelled.”
[Muslim].

Prohibition of Swearing in the name of anything besides Allah

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Prohibition of Swearing in the name of anything besides Allah

1707. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Prophet (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Allah has prohibited you from taking an oath by your fathers. He who must take an oath, may do so by swearing in the Name of Allah or he should remain silent.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

1708. `Abdur-Rahman bin Samurah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “Swear neither by the name of Taghut (i.e., false deities, false leaders, etc.) nor by your fathers.”
[Muslim].

1709. Buraidah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “He who swears by Amanah (trust) is not one of us.”
[Abu Dawud with authentic Isnad].

1710. Buraidah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) said, “If anyone swears that in such and such case he will be free from Islam and afterwards he turns out to be a liar, he will be as he has sworn; but if he is speaking the truth, he will not revert safely to Islam.”
[Abu Dawud].

1711. Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said: I heard a man saying: “No, by the Ka`bah.” I admonished him: “Do not swear by any thing besides Allah, for I heard the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam) saying, `He who swears by anyone or anything other than Allah, has indeed committed an act of Kufr or Shirk’.”
[At-Tirmidhi].

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